Main Page

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<page arvcontinue="">
  <title>Main Page</title>
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    <timestamp>2023-10-20T00:11:22Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
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== Welcome to {{SITENAME}}! ==
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=== For visitors of this wiki ===
Hello, the default Main Page of this wiki (this page) has not yet been replaced by the bureaucrat(s) of this wiki. The bureaucrat(s) might still be working on a Main Page, so please check again later!</text>
    <sha1>21236ac3f8d65e5563b6da6b70815ca6bf1e6616</sha1>
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  <revision>
    <id>2</id>
    <parentid>1</parentid>
    <timestamp>2023-10-20T00:43:46Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <model>wikitext</model>
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    <text bytes="1363" xml:space="preserve">__NOTOC__
== Welcome to {{SITENAME}} ==
This is a wiki dedicated to the documentation of the at least 1 million species of [[Insect|insects]] known — and unknown to us.

== Introductory pages ==
[[Insect|About insects]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Glossary]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Taxonomy]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Anatomy]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Statistics]]

== Subclasses ==
[[Apterygota]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Pterygota]]

== Orders ==
[[Archaeagnatha]] — bristletails&lt;br&gt;

[[Blattodea]] — termites and cockroaches&lt;br&gt;

[[Coleoptera]] — beetles&lt;br&gt;

[[Dermaptera]] — earwigs&lt;br&gt;

[[Diptera]] — flies&lt;br&gt;

[[Embioptera]] — webspinners&lt;br&gt;

[[Ephemeroptera]] — mayflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Grylloblattodea]] — ice crawlers&lt;br&gt;

[[Hemiptera]] — true bugs&lt;br&gt;

[[Hymenoptera]] — wasps, bees, ants, and sawflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Lepidoptera]] — moths and butterflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Mantodea]] — mantises&lt;br&gt;

[[Mantophasmatodea]] — monotypic order comprising the family Mantophasmatidae&lt;br&gt;

[[Mecoptera]] — scorpionflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Megaloptera]] — dobsonflies, alderflies, and fishflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Neuroptera]] — net-winged insects including lacewings, antlions, and mantidflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Odonata]] — dragonflies and damselflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Orthoptera]] — grasshoppers, crickets, and kin&lt;br&gt;

[[Phasmatodea]] — stick insects&lt;br&gt;

[[Phthiraptera]] — lice

[[Plecoptera]] — stoneflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Psocodea]] — barklice and booklice&lt;br&gt;

[[Raphidioptera</text>
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      <username>StFrancisII</username>
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    <comment>/* Orders */</comment>
    <model>wikitext</model>
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    <text bytes="1645" xml:space="preserve">__NOTOC__
== Welcome to {{SITENAME}} ==
This is a wiki dedicated to the documentation of the at least 1 million species of [[Insect|insects]] known — and unknown to us.

== Introductory pages ==
[[Insect|About insects]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Glossary]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Taxonomy]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Anatomy]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Statistics]]

== Subclasses ==
[[Apterygota]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Pterygota]]

== Orders ==
[[Archaeagnatha]] — bristletails&lt;br&gt;

[[Blattodea]] — termites and cockroaches&lt;br&gt;

[[Coleoptera]] — beetles&lt;br&gt;

[[Dermaptera]] — earwigs&lt;br&gt;

[[Diptera]] — flies&lt;br&gt;

[[Embioptera]] — webspinners&lt;br&gt;

[[Ephemeroptera]] — mayflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Grylloblattodea]] — ice crawlers&lt;br&gt;

[[Hemiptera]] — true bugs&lt;br&gt;

[[Hymenoptera]] — wasps, bees, ants, and sawflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Lepidoptera]] — moths and butterflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Mantodea]] — mantises&lt;br&gt;

[[Mantophasmatodea]] — monotypic order comprising the family Mantophasmatidae&lt;br&gt;

[[Mecoptera]] — scorpionflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Megaloptera]] — dobsonflies, alderflies, and fishflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Neuroptera]] — net-winged insects including lacewings, antlions, and mantidflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Odonata]] — dragonflies and damselflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Orthoptera]] — grasshoppers, crickets, and kin&lt;br&gt;

[[Phasmatodea]] — stick insects&lt;br&gt;

[[Phthiraptera]] — lice

[[Plecoptera]] — stoneflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Psocodea]] — barklice and booklice&lt;br&gt;

[[Raphidioptera]] — snakeflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Siphonaptera]] — fleas&lt;br&gt;

[[Strepsiptera]] — endoparasitic insects(no common name widely in use)&lt;br&gt;

[[Thysanoptera]] — thrips&lt;br&gt;

[[Trichoptera]] — caddisflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Zoraptera]] — angel insects&lt;br&gt;

[[Zygentoma]] — silverfish and firebrats</text>
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  </revision>
  <revision>
    <id>4</id>
    <parentid>3</parentid>
    <timestamp>2023-10-20T01:12:28Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="1650" xml:space="preserve">__NOTOC__
== Welcome to {{SITENAME}} ==
This is a wiki dedicated to the documentation of the at least 1 million species of [[Insect|insects]] known — and unknown to us.

== Introductory pages ==
[[Insect|About insects]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Glossary]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Taxonomy]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Anatomy]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Statistics]]&lt;br&gt;


== Subclasses ==
[[Apterygota]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Pterygota]]

== Orders ==
[[Archaeagnatha]] — bristletails&lt;br&gt;

[[Blattodea]] — termites and cockroaches&lt;br&gt;

[[Coleoptera]] — beetles&lt;br&gt;

[[Dermaptera]] — earwigs&lt;br&gt;

[[Diptera]] — flies&lt;br&gt;

[[Embioptera]] — webspinners&lt;br&gt;

[[Ephemeroptera]] — mayflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Grylloblattodea]] — ice crawlers&lt;br&gt;

[[Hemiptera]] — true bugs&lt;br&gt;

[[Hymenoptera]] — wasps, bees, ants, and sawflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Lepidoptera]] — moths and butterflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Mantodea]] — mantises&lt;br&gt;

[[Mantophasmatodea]] — monotypic order comprising the family Mantophasmatidae&lt;br&gt;

[[Mecoptera]] — scorpionflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Megaloptera]] — dobsonflies, alderflies, and fishflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Neuroptera]] — net-winged insects including lacewings, antlions, and mantidflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Odonata]] — dragonflies and damselflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Orthoptera]] — grasshoppers, crickets, and kin&lt;br&gt;

[[Phasmatodea]] — stick insects&lt;br&gt;

[[Phthiraptera]] — lice

[[Plecoptera]] — stoneflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Psocodea]] — barklice and booklice&lt;br&gt;

[[Raphidioptera]] — snakeflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Siphonaptera]] — fleas&lt;br&gt;

[[Strepsiptera]] — endoparasitic insects(no common name widely in use)&lt;br&gt;

[[Thysanoptera]] — thrips&lt;br&gt;

[[Trichoptera]] — caddisflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Zoraptera]] — angel insects&lt;br&gt;

[[Zygentoma]] — silverfish and firebrats</text>
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  </revision>
  <revision>
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    <parentid>4</parentid>
    <timestamp>2023-10-20T01:22:25Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="1955" xml:space="preserve">__NOTOC__
== Welcome to {{SITENAME}} ==
This is a wiki dedicated to the documentation of the at least 1 million species of [[Insect|insects]] known — and unknown to us.
= Useful information =
== Introductory pages ==
[[Insect|About insects]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Glossary]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Taxonomy]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Anatomy]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Statistics]]&lt;br&gt;

== Insects and the world ==
[[The relationship between insects and humans]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Insects and climate change]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Insect conservation]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Insects and religion]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Insects and spiritualism]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Insects and agriculture]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Insects and science]]

= Main taxa =


== Subclasses ==
[[Apterygota]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Pterygota]]

== Orders ==
[[Archaeagnatha]] — bristletails&lt;br&gt;

[[Blattodea]] — termites and cockroaches&lt;br&gt;

[[Coleoptera]] — beetles&lt;br&gt;

[[Dermaptera]] — earwigs&lt;br&gt;

[[Diptera]] — flies&lt;br&gt;

[[Embioptera]] — webspinners&lt;br&gt;

[[Ephemeroptera]] — mayflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Grylloblattodea]] — ice crawlers&lt;br&gt;

[[Hemiptera]] — true bugs&lt;br&gt;

[[Hymenoptera]] — wasps, bees, ants, and sawflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Lepidoptera]] — moths and butterflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Mantodea]] — mantises&lt;br&gt;

[[Mantophasmatodea]] — monotypic order comprising the family Mantophasmatidae&lt;br&gt;

[[Mecoptera]] — scorpionflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Megaloptera]] — dobsonflies, alderflies, and fishflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Neuroptera]] — net-winged insects including lacewings, antlions, and mantidflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Odonata]] — dragonflies and damselflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Orthoptera]] — grasshoppers, crickets, and kin&lt;br&gt;

[[Phasmatodea]] — stick insects&lt;br&gt;

[[Phthiraptera]] — lice

[[Plecoptera]] — stoneflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Psocodea]] — barklice and booklice&lt;br&gt;

[[Raphidioptera]] — snakeflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Siphonaptera]] — fleas&lt;br&gt;

[[Strepsiptera]] — endoparasitic insects(no common name widely in use)&lt;br&gt;

[[Thysanoptera]] — thrips&lt;br&gt;

[[Trichoptera]] — caddisflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Zoraptera]] — angel insects&lt;br&gt;

[[Zygentoma]] — silverfish and firebrats</text>
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  <revision>
    <id>6</id>
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    <timestamp>2023-10-20T02:00:20Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <minor/>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="1959" xml:space="preserve">__NOTOC__
== Welcome to {{SITENAME}} ==
This is a wiki dedicated to the documentation of the at least 1 million species of [[Insect|insects]] known — and unknown — to us.
= Useful information =
== Introductory pages ==
[[Insect|About insects]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Glossary]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Taxonomy]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Anatomy]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Statistics]]&lt;br&gt;

== Insects and the world ==
[[The relationship between insects and humans]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Insects and climate change]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Insect conservation]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Insects and religion]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Insects and spiritualism]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Insects and agriculture]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Insects and science]]

= Main taxa =


== Subclasses ==
[[Apterygota]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Pterygota]]

== Orders ==
[[Archaeagnatha]] — bristletails&lt;br&gt;

[[Blattodea]] — termites and cockroaches&lt;br&gt;

[[Coleoptera]] — beetles&lt;br&gt;

[[Dermaptera]] — earwigs&lt;br&gt;

[[Diptera]] — flies&lt;br&gt;

[[Embioptera]] — webspinners&lt;br&gt;

[[Ephemeroptera]] — mayflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Grylloblattodea]] — ice crawlers&lt;br&gt;

[[Hemiptera]] — true bugs&lt;br&gt;

[[Hymenoptera]] — wasps, bees, ants, and sawflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Lepidoptera]] — moths and butterflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Mantodea]] — mantises&lt;br&gt;

[[Mantophasmatodea]] — monotypic order comprising the family Mantophasmatidae&lt;br&gt;

[[Mecoptera]] — scorpionflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Megaloptera]] — dobsonflies, alderflies, and fishflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Neuroptera]] — net-winged insects including lacewings, antlions, and mantidflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Odonata]] — dragonflies and damselflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Orthoptera]] — grasshoppers, crickets, and kin&lt;br&gt;

[[Phasmatodea]] — stick insects&lt;br&gt;

[[Phthiraptera]] — lice

[[Plecoptera]] — stoneflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Psocodea]] — barklice and booklice&lt;br&gt;

[[Raphidioptera]] — snakeflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Siphonaptera]] — fleas&lt;br&gt;

[[Strepsiptera]] — endoparasitic insects(no common name widely in use)&lt;br&gt;

[[Thysanoptera]] — thrips&lt;br&gt;

[[Trichoptera]] — caddisflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Zoraptera]] — angel insects&lt;br&gt;

[[Zygentoma]] — silverfish and firebrats</text>
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  </revision>
  <revision>
    <id>7</id>
    <parentid>6</parentid>
    <timestamp>2023-10-20T03:09:36Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <comment>/* Introductory pages */</comment>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="1924" xml:space="preserve">__NOTOC__
== Welcome to {{SITENAME}} ==
This is a wiki dedicated to the documentation of the at least 1 million species of [[Insect|insects]] known — and unknown — to us.
= Useful information =
== Introductory pages ==
[[Insect|About insects]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Glossary]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Statistics]]&lt;br&gt;

== Insects and the world ==
[[The relationship between insects and humans]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Insects and climate change]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Insect conservation]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Insects and religion]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Insects and spiritualism]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Insects and agriculture]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Insects and science]]

= Main taxa =


== Subclasses ==
[[Apterygota]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Pterygota]]

== Orders ==
[[Archaeagnatha]] — bristletails&lt;br&gt;

[[Blattodea]] — termites and cockroaches&lt;br&gt;

[[Coleoptera]] — beetles&lt;br&gt;

[[Dermaptera]] — earwigs&lt;br&gt;

[[Diptera]] — flies&lt;br&gt;

[[Embioptera]] — webspinners&lt;br&gt;

[[Ephemeroptera]] — mayflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Grylloblattodea]] — ice crawlers&lt;br&gt;

[[Hemiptera]] — true bugs&lt;br&gt;

[[Hymenoptera]] — wasps, bees, ants, and sawflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Lepidoptera]] — moths and butterflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Mantodea]] — mantises&lt;br&gt;

[[Mantophasmatodea]] — monotypic order comprising the family Mantophasmatidae&lt;br&gt;

[[Mecoptera]] — scorpionflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Megaloptera]] — dobsonflies, alderflies, and fishflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Neuroptera]] — net-winged insects including lacewings, antlions, and mantidflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Odonata]] — dragonflies and damselflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Orthoptera]] — grasshoppers, crickets, and kin&lt;br&gt;

[[Phasmatodea]] — stick insects&lt;br&gt;

[[Phthiraptera]] — lice

[[Plecoptera]] — stoneflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Psocodea]] — barklice and booklice&lt;br&gt;

[[Raphidioptera]] — snakeflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Siphonaptera]] — fleas&lt;br&gt;

[[Strepsiptera]] — endoparasitic insects(no common name widely in use)&lt;br&gt;

[[Thysanoptera]] — thrips&lt;br&gt;

[[Trichoptera]] — caddisflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Zoraptera]] — angel insects&lt;br&gt;

[[Zygentoma]] — silverfish and firebrats</text>
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  </revision>
  <revision>
    <id>8</id>
    <parentid>7</parentid>
    <timestamp>2023-10-20T04:46:42Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <comment>/* Insects and the world */</comment>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="1802" xml:space="preserve">__NOTOC__
== Welcome to {{SITENAME}} ==
This is a wiki dedicated to the documentation of the at least 1 million species of [[Insect|insects]] known — and unknown — to us.
= Useful information =
== Introductory pages ==
[[Insect|About insects]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Glossary]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Statistics]]&lt;br&gt;

== Insects and the world ==
[[The relationship between insects and humans]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Insects and climate change]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Insect conservation]]&lt;br&gt;

= Main taxa =


== Subclasses ==
[[Apterygota]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Pterygota]]

== Orders ==
[[Archaeagnatha]] — bristletails&lt;br&gt;

[[Blattodea]] — termites and cockroaches&lt;br&gt;

[[Coleoptera]] — beetles&lt;br&gt;

[[Dermaptera]] — earwigs&lt;br&gt;

[[Diptera]] — flies&lt;br&gt;

[[Embioptera]] — webspinners&lt;br&gt;

[[Ephemeroptera]] — mayflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Grylloblattodea]] — ice crawlers&lt;br&gt;

[[Hemiptera]] — true bugs&lt;br&gt;

[[Hymenoptera]] — wasps, bees, ants, and sawflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Lepidoptera]] — moths and butterflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Mantodea]] — mantises&lt;br&gt;

[[Mantophasmatodea]] — monotypic order comprising the family Mantophasmatidae&lt;br&gt;

[[Mecoptera]] — scorpionflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Megaloptera]] — dobsonflies, alderflies, and fishflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Neuroptera]] — net-winged insects including lacewings, antlions, and mantidflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Odonata]] — dragonflies and damselflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Orthoptera]] — grasshoppers, crickets, and kin&lt;br&gt;

[[Phasmatodea]] — stick insects&lt;br&gt;

[[Phthiraptera]] — lice

[[Plecoptera]] — stoneflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Psocodea]] — barklice and booklice&lt;br&gt;

[[Raphidioptera]] — snakeflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Siphonaptera]] — fleas&lt;br&gt;

[[Strepsiptera]] — endoparasitic insects(no common name widely in use)&lt;br&gt;

[[Thysanoptera]] — thrips&lt;br&gt;

[[Trichoptera]] — caddisflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Zoraptera]] — angel insects&lt;br&gt;

[[Zygentoma]] — silverfish and firebrats</text>
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  </revision>
  <revision>
    <id>20</id>
    <parentid>8</parentid>
    <timestamp>2023-10-20T16:35:51Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <comment>/* Welcome to {{SITENAME}} */</comment>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="1939" xml:space="preserve">__NOTOC__
== Welcome to {{SITENAME}} ==
This is a wiki dedicated to the documentation of the at least 1 million species of [[Insect|insects]] known — and unknown — to us. It was founded to serve as an extensive, cohesive, comprehensive source of information regarding entomology and entomological taxonomy.

= Useful information =
== Introductory pages ==
[[Insect|About insects]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Glossary]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Statistics]]&lt;br&gt;

== Insects and the world ==
[[The relationship between insects and humans]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Insects and climate change]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Insect conservation]]&lt;br&gt;

= Main taxa =


== Subclasses ==
[[Apterygota]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Pterygota]]

== Orders ==
[[Archaeagnatha]] — bristletails&lt;br&gt;

[[Blattodea]] — termites and cockroaches&lt;br&gt;

[[Coleoptera]] — beetles&lt;br&gt;

[[Dermaptera]] — earwigs&lt;br&gt;

[[Diptera]] — flies&lt;br&gt;

[[Embioptera]] — webspinners&lt;br&gt;

[[Ephemeroptera]] — mayflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Grylloblattodea]] — ice crawlers&lt;br&gt;

[[Hemiptera]] — true bugs&lt;br&gt;

[[Hymenoptera]] — wasps, bees, ants, and sawflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Lepidoptera]] — moths and butterflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Mantodea]] — mantises&lt;br&gt;

[[Mantophasmatodea]] — monotypic order comprising the family Mantophasmatidae&lt;br&gt;

[[Mecoptera]] — scorpionflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Megaloptera]] — dobsonflies, alderflies, and fishflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Neuroptera]] — net-winged insects including lacewings, antlions, and mantidflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Odonata]] — dragonflies and damselflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Orthoptera]] — grasshoppers, crickets, and kin&lt;br&gt;

[[Phasmatodea]] — stick insects&lt;br&gt;

[[Phthiraptera]] — lice

[[Plecoptera]] — stoneflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Psocodea]] — barklice and booklice&lt;br&gt;

[[Raphidioptera]] — snakeflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Siphonaptera]] — fleas&lt;br&gt;

[[Strepsiptera]] — endoparasitic insects(no common name widely in use)&lt;br&gt;

[[Thysanoptera]] — thrips&lt;br&gt;

[[Trichoptera]] — caddisflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Zoraptera]] — angel insects&lt;br&gt;

[[Zygentoma]] — silverfish and firebrats</text>
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  </revision>
  <revision>
    <id>34</id>
    <parentid>20</parentid>
    <timestamp>2023-10-20T21:00:53Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <minor/>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="1939" xml:space="preserve">__NOTOC__
== Welcome to {{SITENAME}} ==
This is a wiki dedicated to the documentation of the at least 1 million species of [[Insect|insects]] known — and unknown — to us. It was founded to serve as an extensive, cohesive, comprehensive source of information regarding entomology and entomological taxonomy.

= Useful information =
== Introductory pages ==
[[Insect|About insects]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Glossary]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Statistics]]&lt;br&gt;

== Insects and the world ==
[[The relationship between insects and humans]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Insects and climate change]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Insect conservation]]&lt;br&gt;

= Main taxa =


== Subclasses ==
[[Apterygota]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Pterygota]]

== Orders ==
[[Archaeognatha]] — bristletails&lt;br&gt;

[[Blattodea]] — termites and cockroaches&lt;br&gt;

[[Coleoptera]] — beetles&lt;br&gt;

[[Dermaptera]] — earwigs&lt;br&gt;

[[Diptera]] — flies&lt;br&gt;

[[Embioptera]] — webspinners&lt;br&gt;

[[Ephemeroptera]] — mayflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Grylloblattodea]] — ice crawlers&lt;br&gt;

[[Hemiptera]] — true bugs&lt;br&gt;

[[Hymenoptera]] — wasps, bees, ants, and sawflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Lepidoptera]] — moths and butterflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Mantodea]] — mantises&lt;br&gt;

[[Mantophasmatodea]] — monotypic order comprising the family Mantophasmatidae&lt;br&gt;

[[Mecoptera]] — scorpionflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Megaloptera]] — dobsonflies, alderflies, and fishflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Neuroptera]] — net-winged insects including lacewings, antlions, and mantidflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Odonata]] — dragonflies and damselflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Orthoptera]] — grasshoppers, crickets, and kin&lt;br&gt;

[[Phasmatodea]] — stick insects&lt;br&gt;

[[Phthiraptera]] — lice

[[Plecoptera]] — stoneflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Psocodea]] — barklice and booklice&lt;br&gt;

[[Raphidioptera]] — snakeflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Siphonaptera]] — fleas&lt;br&gt;

[[Strepsiptera]] — endoparasitic insects(no common name widely in use)&lt;br&gt;

[[Thysanoptera]] — thrips&lt;br&gt;

[[Trichoptera]] — caddisflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Zoraptera]] — angel insects&lt;br&gt;

[[Zygentoma]] — silverfish and firebrats</text>
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  </revision>
  <revision>
    <id>36</id>
    <parentid>34</parentid>
    <timestamp>2023-10-20T21:52:59Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="1998" xml:space="preserve">__NOTOC__
== Welcome to {{SITENAME}} ==
[[File:Ladybird.jpg|frame|left|Coccinella septempunctata]]
This is a wiki dedicated to the documentation of the at least 1 million species of [[Insect|insects]] known — and unknown — to us. It was founded to serve as an extensive, cohesive, comprehensive source of information regarding entomology and entomological taxonomy.

= Useful information =
== Introductory pages ==
[[Insect|About insects]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Glossary]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Statistics]]&lt;br&gt;

== Insects and the world ==
[[The relationship between insects and humans]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Insects and climate change]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Insect conservation]]&lt;br&gt;

= Main taxa =


== Subclasses ==
[[Apterygota]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Pterygota]]

== Orders ==
[[Archaeognatha]] — bristletails&lt;br&gt;

[[Blattodea]] — termites and cockroaches&lt;br&gt;

[[Coleoptera]] — beetles&lt;br&gt;

[[Dermaptera]] — earwigs&lt;br&gt;

[[Diptera]] — flies&lt;br&gt;

[[Embioptera]] — webspinners&lt;br&gt;

[[Ephemeroptera]] — mayflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Grylloblattodea]] — ice crawlers&lt;br&gt;

[[Hemiptera]] — true bugs&lt;br&gt;

[[Hymenoptera]] — wasps, bees, ants, and sawflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Lepidoptera]] — moths and butterflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Mantodea]] — mantises&lt;br&gt;

[[Mantophasmatodea]] — monotypic order comprising the family Mantophasmatidae&lt;br&gt;

[[Mecoptera]] — scorpionflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Megaloptera]] — dobsonflies, alderflies, and fishflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Neuroptera]] — net-winged insects including lacewings, antlions, and mantidflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Odonata]] — dragonflies and damselflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Orthoptera]] — grasshoppers, crickets, and kin&lt;br&gt;

[[Phasmatodea]] — stick insects&lt;br&gt;

[[Phthiraptera]] — lice

[[Plecoptera]] — stoneflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Psocodea]] — barklice and booklice&lt;br&gt;

[[Raphidioptera]] — snakeflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Siphonaptera]] — fleas&lt;br&gt;

[[Strepsiptera]] — endoparasitic insects(no common name widely in use)&lt;br&gt;

[[Thysanoptera]] — thrips&lt;br&gt;

[[Trichoptera]] — caddisflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Zoraptera]] — angel insects&lt;br&gt;

[[Zygentoma]] — silverfish and firebrats</text>
    <sha1>2012f7ec072239ddc024db87a293284fdd9ef6fe</sha1>
  </revision>
  <revision>
    <id>47</id>
    <parentid>36</parentid>
    <timestamp>2023-10-21T19:19:10Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <comment>/* Welcome to {{SITENAME}} */</comment>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="2002" xml:space="preserve">__NOTOC__
== Welcome to {{SITENAME}} ==
[[File:Ladybird.jpg|frame|left|''Coccinella septempunctata'']]
This is a wiki dedicated to the documentation of the at least 1 million species of [[Insect|insects]] known — and unknown — to us. It was founded to serve as an extensive, cohesive, comprehensive source of information regarding entomology and entomological taxonomy.

= Useful information =
== Introductory pages ==
[[Insect|About insects]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Glossary]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Statistics]]&lt;br&gt;

== Insects and the world ==
[[The relationship between insects and humans]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Insects and climate change]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Insect conservation]]&lt;br&gt;

= Main taxa =


== Subclasses ==
[[Apterygota]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Pterygota]]

== Orders ==
[[Archaeognatha]] — bristletails&lt;br&gt;

[[Blattodea]] — termites and cockroaches&lt;br&gt;

[[Coleoptera]] — beetles&lt;br&gt;

[[Dermaptera]] — earwigs&lt;br&gt;

[[Diptera]] — flies&lt;br&gt;

[[Embioptera]] — webspinners&lt;br&gt;

[[Ephemeroptera]] — mayflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Grylloblattodea]] — ice crawlers&lt;br&gt;

[[Hemiptera]] — true bugs&lt;br&gt;

[[Hymenoptera]] — wasps, bees, ants, and sawflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Lepidoptera]] — moths and butterflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Mantodea]] — mantises&lt;br&gt;

[[Mantophasmatodea]] — monotypic order comprising the family Mantophasmatidae&lt;br&gt;

[[Mecoptera]] — scorpionflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Megaloptera]] — dobsonflies, alderflies, and fishflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Neuroptera]] — net-winged insects including lacewings, antlions, and mantidflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Odonata]] — dragonflies and damselflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Orthoptera]] — grasshoppers, crickets, and kin&lt;br&gt;

[[Phasmatodea]] — stick insects&lt;br&gt;

[[Phthiraptera]] — lice

[[Plecoptera]] — stoneflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Psocodea]] — barklice and booklice&lt;br&gt;

[[Raphidioptera]] — snakeflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Siphonaptera]] — fleas&lt;br&gt;

[[Strepsiptera]] — endoparasitic insects(no common name widely in use)&lt;br&gt;

[[Thysanoptera]] — thrips&lt;br&gt;

[[Trichoptera]] — caddisflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Zoraptera]] — angel insects&lt;br&gt;

[[Zygentoma]] — silverfish and firebrats</text>
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  </revision>
  <revision>
    <id>48</id>
    <parentid>47</parentid>
    <timestamp>2023-10-21T19:19:49Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="2006" xml:space="preserve">__NOTOC__
== Welcome to {{SITENAME}} ==
[[File:Ladybird.jpg|frame|left|''[[Coccinella septempunctata]]'']]
This is a wiki dedicated to the documentation of the at least 1 million species of [[Insect|insects]] known — and unknown — to us. It was founded to serve as an extensive, cohesive, comprehensive source of information regarding entomology and entomological taxonomy.

= Useful information =
== Introductory pages ==
[[Insect|About insects]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Glossary]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Statistics]]&lt;br&gt;

== Insects and the world ==
[[The relationship between insects and humans]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Insects and climate change]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Insect conservation]]&lt;br&gt;

= Main taxa =


== Subclasses ==
[[Apterygota]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Pterygota]]

== Orders ==
[[Archaeognatha]] — bristletails&lt;br&gt;

[[Blattodea]] — termites and cockroaches&lt;br&gt;

[[Coleoptera]] — beetles&lt;br&gt;

[[Dermaptera]] — earwigs&lt;br&gt;

[[Diptera]] — flies&lt;br&gt;

[[Embioptera]] — webspinners&lt;br&gt;

[[Ephemeroptera]] — mayflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Grylloblattodea]] — ice crawlers&lt;br&gt;

[[Hemiptera]] — true bugs&lt;br&gt;

[[Hymenoptera]] — wasps, bees, ants, and sawflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Lepidoptera]] — moths and butterflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Mantodea]] — mantises&lt;br&gt;

[[Mantophasmatodea]] — monotypic order comprising the family Mantophasmatidae&lt;br&gt;

[[Mecoptera]] — scorpionflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Megaloptera]] — dobsonflies, alderflies, and fishflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Neuroptera]] — net-winged insects including lacewings, antlions, and mantidflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Odonata]] — dragonflies and damselflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Orthoptera]] — grasshoppers, crickets, and kin&lt;br&gt;

[[Phasmatodea]] — stick insects&lt;br&gt;

[[Phthiraptera]] — lice

[[Plecoptera]] — stoneflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Psocodea]] — barklice and booklice&lt;br&gt;

[[Raphidioptera]] — snakeflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Siphonaptera]] — fleas&lt;br&gt;

[[Strepsiptera]] — endoparasitic insects(no common name widely in use)&lt;br&gt;

[[Thysanoptera]] — thrips&lt;br&gt;

[[Trichoptera]] — caddisflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Zoraptera]] — angel insects&lt;br&gt;

[[Zygentoma]] — silverfish and firebrats</text>
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</page>
<page arvcontinue="">
  <title>Insect</title>
  <ns>0</ns>
  <id>2</id>
  <revision>
    <id>9</id>
    <timestamp>2023-10-20T05:15:41Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <comment>Created page with "# Insect  An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.  = Anatomy = Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapte..."</comment>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="2425" xml:space="preserve"># Insect

An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.

= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones[1] and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[2]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes).

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.

[3] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[4] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[5] 


= Sources =
[1]: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/veterinary-science-and-veterinary-medicine/seta&lt;br&gt;
[2]: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/47332115_Scales_and_Setae&lt;br&gt;
[3]: https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[4]: http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[5]: https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065</text>
    <sha1>402ddd7427d3d645162ac894d13adcfb022088b1</sha1>
  </revision>
  <revision>
    <id>10</id>
    <parentid>9</parentid>
    <timestamp>2023-10-20T05:16:24Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <minor/>
    <comment>/* Legs */</comment>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="2423" xml:space="preserve"># Insect

An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.

= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones[1] and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[2]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes).

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[3] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[4] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[5] 


= Sources =
[1]: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/veterinary-science-and-veterinary-medicine/seta&lt;br&gt;
[2]: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/47332115_Scales_and_Setae&lt;br&gt;
[3]: https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[4]: http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[5]: https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065</text>
    <sha1>84b9f509e42671c1d840b58d60ef704faa8ce450</sha1>
  </revision>
  <revision>
    <id>11</id>
    <parentid>10</parentid>
    <timestamp>2023-10-20T05:17:12Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="2413" xml:space="preserve">An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.

= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones[1] and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[2]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes).

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[3] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[4] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[5] 


= Sources =
[1]: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/veterinary-science-and-veterinary-medicine/seta&lt;br&gt;
[2]: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/47332115_Scales_and_Setae&lt;br&gt;
[3]: https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[4]: http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[5]: https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065</text>
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  </revision>
  <revision>
    <id>12</id>
    <parentid>11</parentid>
    <timestamp>2023-10-20T05:22:44Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="2482" xml:space="preserve">An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.

= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones[1] and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[2]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[3].

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[4] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[5] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[6] 


= Sources =
[1]: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/veterinary-science-and-veterinary-medicine/seta&lt;br&gt;
[2]: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/47332115_Scales_and_Setae&lt;br&gt;
[3]: http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye
[4]: https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[5]: http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[6]: https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065</text>
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    <model>wikitext</model>
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    <text bytes="2486" xml:space="preserve">An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.

= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones[1] and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[2]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[3].

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[4] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[5] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[6] 


= Sources =
[1]: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/veterinary-science-and-veterinary-medicine/seta&lt;br&gt;
[2]: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/47332115_Scales_and_Setae&lt;br&gt;
[3]: http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye&lt;br&gt;
[4]: https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[5]: http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[6]: https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065</text>
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    <comment>Protected "[[Insect]]" ([Edit=Allow only administrators] (indefinite) [Move=Allow only administrators] (indefinite))</comment>
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    <text bytes="2486" xml:space="preserve">An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.

= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones[1] and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[2]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[3].

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[4] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[5] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[6] 


= Sources =
[1]: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/veterinary-science-and-veterinary-medicine/seta&lt;br&gt;
[2]: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/47332115_Scales_and_Setae&lt;br&gt;
[3]: http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye&lt;br&gt;
[4]: https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[5]: http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[6]: https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065</text>
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An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.

= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones[1] and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[2]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[3].

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[4] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[5] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[6] 


= Sources =
[1]: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/veterinary-science-and-veterinary-medicine/seta&lt;br&gt;
[2]: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/47332115_Scales_and_Setae&lt;br&gt;
[3]: http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye&lt;br&gt;
[4]: https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[5]: http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[6]: https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065</text>
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An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.

= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones[1] and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[2]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[3].

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[4] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[5] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[6] 

== Eye ==
=== Compound eye ===
Insects' compound eyes have a variable number of ommatidia that perceive light with a cornea, lens, eight photoreceptor cells, and some accessory structures[3]. The photoreceptors, oriented to receive light from different directions depending on the curvature of the eye and the ommatidia arrangement, form a "neural picture" based on the light they receive[3]. There are multiple variants of ommatidia, including, but not limited to: apposition, with optically isolated ommatidia; superposition, where the theommatidia are not optically isolated; and neural superposition, where the ommatidia are  optically isolated but due to neuronal arrangement have partially summated pixels[3].

=== Ocelli ===


= Sources =
[1]: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/veterinary-science-and-veterinary-medicine/seta&lt;br&gt;
[2]: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/47332115_Scales_and_Setae&lt;br&gt;
[3]: Weckstrom, M. (2014, 24 June). ''Function of compound eye''. Scholarpedia. http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye&lt;br&gt;
[4]: https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[5]: http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[6]: https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065</text>
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An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.

= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones[1] and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[2]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[3].

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[4] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[5] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[6] 

== Eye ==
=== Compound eye ===
Insects' compound eyes have a variable number of ommatidia that perceive light with a cornea, lens, eight photoreceptor cells, and some accessory structures[3]. The photoreceptors, oriented to receive light from different directions depending on the curvature of the eye and the ommatidia arrangement, form a "neural picture" based on the light they receive[3]. There are multiple variants of ommatidia, including, but not limited to: apposition, with optically isolated ommatidia; superposition, where the theommatidia are not optically isolated; and neural superposition, where the ommatidia are  optically isolated but due to neuronal arrangement produce partially summated pixels[3].

=== Ocelli ===


= Sources =
[1]: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/veterinary-science-and-veterinary-medicine/seta&lt;br&gt;
[2]: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/47332115_Scales_and_Setae&lt;br&gt;
[3]: Weckstrom, M. (2014, 24 June). ''Function of compound eye''. Scholarpedia. http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye&lt;br&gt;
[4]: https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[5]: http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[6]: https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065</text>
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An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.

= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones[1] and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[2]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[3].

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[4] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[5] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.[6]

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[7] 

== Eye ==
=== Compound eye ===
Insects' compound eyes have a variable number of ommatidia that perceive light with a cornea, lens, eight photoreceptor cells, and some accessory structures[3]. The photoreceptors, oriented to receive light from different directions depending on the curvature of the eye and the ommatidia arrangement, form a "neural picture" based on the light they receive[3]. There are multiple variants of ommatidia, including, but not limited to: apposition, with optically isolated ommatidia; superposition, where the the ommatidia are not optically isolated; and neural superposition, where the ommatidia are  optically isolated but due to neuronal arrangement produce partially summated pixels[3].

=== Ocelli ===


= Sources =
[1]: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/veterinary-science-and-veterinary-medicine/seta&lt;br&gt;
[2]: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/47332115_Scales_and_Setae&lt;br&gt;
[3]: Weckstrom, M. (2014, 24 June). ''Function of compound eye''. Scholarpedia. http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye&lt;br&gt;
[4]: https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[5]: http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[6]: Ramdya, P. (2017, February 17). ''Climbing favours the tripod gate over alternative faster insect gaits''. Nature Communications. https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14494&lt;br&gt;
[7]: https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065</text>
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An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.

= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones[1] and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[2]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[3].

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[4] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[5] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.[6]

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[7] 

== Eye ==
=== Compound eye ===
Insects' compound eyes have a variable number of ommatidia that perceive light with a cornea, lens, eight photoreceptor cells, and some accessory structures[3]. The photoreceptors, oriented to receive light from different directions depending on the curvature of the eye and the ommatidia arrangement, form a "neural picture" based on the light they receive[3]. There are multiple variants of ommatidia, including, but not limited to: apposition, with optically isolated ommatidia; superposition, where the the ommatidia are not optically isolated; and neural superposition, where the ommatidia are  optically isolated but due to neuronal arrangement produce partially summated pixels[3].

=== Ocelli ===


= Sources =
[1]: Winterton, S. "Scales and Setae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. (2009, November 30). https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780123741448002381&lt;br&gt;
[2]: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/47332115_Scales_and_Setae&lt;br&gt;
[3]: Weckstrom, M. (2014, June 24). ''Function of compound eye''. Scholarpedia. http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye&lt;br&gt;
[4]: ''Definition''.(n.d.). University of Florida. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[5]: ''Types of legs''. (2011, November 17). Indian Council of Agricultural Research. http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[6]: Ramdya, P. (2017, February 17). ''Climbing favours the tripod gate over alternative faster insect gaits''. Nature Communications. https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14494&lt;br&gt;
[7]: Hadley, D. (2019, October 01). ''The 13 Forms of Insect Antennae''. ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065</text>
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An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.

= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones[1] and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[2]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[3].

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[4] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[5] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.[6]

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[7] 

== Eye ==
=== Compound eye ===
Insects' compound eyes have a variable number of ommatidia that perceive light with a cornea, lens, eight photoreceptor cells, and some accessory structures[3]. The photoreceptors, oriented to receive light from different directions depending on the curvature of the eye and the ommatidia arrangement, form a "neural picture" based on the light they receive[3]. There are multiple variants of ommatidia, including, but not limited to: apposition, with optically isolated ommatidia; superposition, where the the ommatidia are not optically isolated; and neural superposition, where the ommatidia are  optically isolated but due to neuronal arrangement produce partially summated pixels[3].

=== Ocelli ===


= Sources =
[1]: Winterton, S. "Scales and Setae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. (2009, November 30). https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780123741448002381&lt;br&gt;
[2]: Weckstrom, M. (2014, June 24). ''Function of compound eye''. Scholarpedia. http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye&lt;br&gt;
[3]: ''Definition''.(n.d.). University of Florida. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[4]: ''Types of legs''. (2011, November 17). Indian Council of Agricultural Research. http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[5]: Ramdya, P. (2017, February 17). ''Climbing favours the tripod gate over alternative faster insect gaits''. Nature Communications. https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14494&lt;br&gt;
[6]: Hadley, D. (2019, October 01). ''The 13 Forms of Insect Antennae''. ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065</text>
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An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.

= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[1]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[2].

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[3] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[4] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.[5]

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[6] 

== Eye ==
=== Compound eye ===
Insects' compound eyes have a variable number of ommatidia that perceive light with a cornea, lens, eight photoreceptor cells, and some accessory structures[2]. The photoreceptors, oriented to receive light from different directions depending on the curvature of the eye and the ommatidia arrangement, form a "neural picture" based on the light they receive[2]. There are multiple variants of ommatidia, including, but not limited to: apposition, with optically isolated ommatidia; superposition, where the the ommatidia are not optically isolated; and neural superposition, where the ommatidia are  optically isolated but due to neuronal arrangement produce partially summated pixels[2].

=== Ocelli ===


= Sources =
[1]: Winterton, S. "Scales and Setae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. (2009, November 30). https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780123741448002381&lt;br&gt;
[2]: Weckstrom, M. (2014, June 24). ''Function of compound eye''. Scholarpedia. http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye&lt;br&gt;
[3]: ''Definition''.(n.d.). University of Florida. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[4]: ''Types of legs''. (2011, November 17). Indian Council of Agricultural Research. http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[5]: Ramdya, P. (2017, February 17). ''Climbing favours the tripod gate over alternative faster insect gaits''. Nature Communications. https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14494&lt;br&gt;
[6]: Hadley, D. (2019, October 01). ''The 13 Forms of Insect Antennae''. ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065</text>
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An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.

= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[1]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[2].

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[3] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[4] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.[5]

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[6] 

== Eye ==
===== Compound eye =====
Insects' compound eyes have a variable number of ommatidia that perceive light with a cornea, lens, eight photoreceptor cells, and some accessory structures[2]. The photoreceptors, oriented to receive light from different directions depending on the curvature of the eye and the ommatidia arrangement, form a "neural picture" based on the light they receive[2]. There are multiple variants of ommatidia, including, but not limited to: apposition, with optically isolated ommatidia; superposition, where the the ommatidia are not optically isolated; and neural superposition, where the ommatidia are  optically isolated but due to neuronal arrangement produce partially summated pixels[2].

===== Ocelli =====

= Sources =
[1]: Winterton, S. "Scales and Setae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. (2009, November 30). https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780123741448002381&lt;br&gt;
[2]: Weckstrom, M. (2014, June 24). ''Function of compound eye''. Scholarpedia. http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye&lt;br&gt;
[3]: ''Definition''.(n.d.). University of Florida. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[4]: ''Types of legs''. (2011, November 17). Indian Council of Agricultural Research. http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[5]: Ramdya, P. (2017, February 17). ''Climbing favours the tripod gate over alternative faster insect gaits''. Nature Communications. https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14494&lt;br&gt;
[6]: Hadley, D. (2019, October 01). ''The 13 Forms of Insect Antennae''. ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065</text>
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An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.

= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[1]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[2].

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[3] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[4] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.[5]

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[6] &lt;br&gt;
Antennae have a variable number of segments and facilitate chemoreception(perception of chemical stimuli) and mechanoreception(perception of touch and motion)[7].

== Eye ==
===== Compound eye =====
Insects' compound eyes have a variable number of ommatidia that perceive light with a cornea, lens, eight photoreceptor cells, and some accessory structures[2]. The photoreceptors, oriented to receive light from different directions depending on the curvature of the eye and the ommatidia arrangement, form a "neural picture" based on the light they receive[2]. There are multiple variants of ommatidia, including, but not limited to: apposition, with optically isolated ommatidia; superposition, where the the ommatidia are not optically isolated; and neural superposition, where the ommatidia are  optically isolated but due to neuronal arrangement produce partially summated pixels[2].

===== Ocelli =====

= Sources =
[1]: Winterton, S. (2009, November 30). "Scales and Setae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780123741448002381&lt;br&gt;
[2]: Weckstrom, M. (2014, June 24). ''Function of compound eye''. Scholarpedia. http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye&lt;br&gt;
[3]: ''Definition''.(n.d.). University of Florida. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[4]: ''Types of legs''. (2011, November 17). Indian Council of Agricultural Research. http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[5]: Ramdya, P. (2017, February 17). ''Climbing favours the tripod gate over alternative faster insect gaits''. Nature Communications. https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14494&lt;br&gt;
[6]: Hadley, D. (2019, October 01). ''The 13 Forms of Insect Antennae''. ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065&lt;br&gt;
[7]: Loudon, C. (2009). "Chapter 6 - Antennae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123741448000060</text>
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An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.
[[File:Insect Collage.png|thumb|right]]

= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[1]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[2].

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[3] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[4] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.[5]

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[6] &lt;br&gt;
Antennae have a variable number of segments and facilitate chemoreception(perception of chemical stimuli) and mechanoreception(perception of touch and motion)[7].

== Eye ==
===== Compound eye =====
Insects' compound eyes have a variable number of ommatidia that perceive light with a cornea, lens, eight photoreceptor cells, and some accessory structures[2]. The photoreceptors, oriented to receive light from different directions depending on the curvature of the eye and the ommatidia arrangement, form a "neural picture" based on the light they receive[2]. There are multiple variants of ommatidia, including, but not limited to: apposition, with optically isolated ommatidia; superposition, where the the ommatidia are not optically isolated; and neural superposition, where the ommatidia are  optically isolated but due to neuronal arrangement produce partially summated pixels[2].

===== Ocelli =====

= Sources =
[1]: Winterton, S. (2009, November 30). "Scales and Setae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780123741448002381&lt;br&gt;
[2]: Weckstrom, M. (2014, June 24). ''Function of compound eye''. Scholarpedia. http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye&lt;br&gt;
[3]: ''Definition''.(n.d.). University of Florida. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[4]: ''Types of legs''. (2011, November 17). Indian Council of Agricultural Research. http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[5]: Ramdya, P. (2017, February 17). ''Climbing favours the tripod gate over alternative faster insect gaits''. Nature Communications. https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14494&lt;br&gt;
[6]: Hadley, D. (2019, October 01). ''The 13 Forms of Insect Antennae''. ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065&lt;br&gt;
[7]: Loudon, C. (2009). "Chapter 6 - Antennae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123741448000060</text>
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An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.
[[File:Insect Collage|thumb|right|Insects from different orders. Clockwise: Pachypodistes angulata[Lepidoptera], Helophilus pendulus[Diptera], Orectognathus szentivanyi[Hymenoptera], Allacta sp.[Blattodea]]]
= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[1]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[2].

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[3] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[4] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.[5]

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[6] &lt;br&gt;
Antennae have a variable number of segments and facilitate chemoreception(perception of chemical stimuli) and mechanoreception(perception of touch and motion)[7].

== Eye ==
===== Compound eye =====
Insects' compound eyes have a variable number of ommatidia that perceive light with a cornea, lens, eight photoreceptor cells, and some accessory structures[2]. The photoreceptors, oriented to receive light from different directions depending on the curvature of the eye and the ommatidia arrangement, form a "neural picture" based on the light they receive[2]. There are multiple variants of ommatidia, including, but not limited to: apposition, with optically isolated ommatidia; superposition, where the the ommatidia are not optically isolated; and neural superposition, where the ommatidia are  optically isolated but due to neuronal arrangement produce partially summated pixels[2].

===== Ocelli =====

= Sources =
[1]: Winterton, S. (2009, November 30). "Scales and Setae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780123741448002381&lt;br&gt;
[2]: Weckstrom, M. (2014, June 24). ''Function of compound eye''. Scholarpedia. http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye&lt;br&gt;
[3]: ''Definition''.(n.d.). University of Florida. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[4]: ''Types of legs''. (2011, November 17). Indian Council of Agricultural Research. http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[5]: Ramdya, P. (2017, February 17). ''Climbing favours the tripod gate over alternative faster insect gaits''. Nature Communications. https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14494&lt;br&gt;
[6]: Hadley, D. (2019, October 01). ''The 13 Forms of Insect Antennae''. ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065&lt;br&gt;
[7]: Loudon, C. (2009). "Chapter 6 - Antennae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123741448000060</text>
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An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.
[[File:Insect Collage.png|thumb|right|Insects from different orders. Clockwise: Pachypodistes angulata[Lepidoptera], Helophilus pendulus[Diptera], Orectognathus szentivanyi[Hymenoptera], Allacta sp.[Blattodea]]]
= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[1]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[2].

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[3] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[4] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.[5]

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[6] &lt;br&gt;
Antennae have a variable number of segments and facilitate chemoreception(perception of chemical stimuli) and mechanoreception(perception of touch and motion)[7].

== Eye ==
===== Compound eye =====
Insects' compound eyes have a variable number of ommatidia that perceive light with a cornea, lens, eight photoreceptor cells, and some accessory structures[2]. The photoreceptors, oriented to receive light from different directions depending on the curvature of the eye and the ommatidia arrangement, form a "neural picture" based on the light they receive[2]. There are multiple variants of ommatidia, including, but not limited to: apposition, with optically isolated ommatidia; superposition, where the the ommatidia are not optically isolated; and neural superposition, where the ommatidia are  optically isolated but due to neuronal arrangement produce partially summated pixels[2].

===== Ocelli =====

= Sources =
[1]: Winterton, S. (2009, November 30). "Scales and Setae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780123741448002381&lt;br&gt;
[2]: Weckstrom, M. (2014, June 24). ''Function of compound eye''. Scholarpedia. http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye&lt;br&gt;
[3]: ''Definition''.(n.d.). University of Florida. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[4]: ''Types of legs''. (2011, November 17). Indian Council of Agricultural Research. http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[5]: Ramdya, P. (2017, February 17). ''Climbing favours the tripod gate over alternative faster insect gaits''. Nature Communications. https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14494&lt;br&gt;
[6]: Hadley, D. (2019, October 01). ''The 13 Forms of Insect Antennae''. ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065&lt;br&gt;
[7]: Loudon, C. (2009). "Chapter 6 - Antennae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123741448000060</text>
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An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.
[[File:Insect Collage.png|thumb|right|Insects from different orders. Clockwise: Pachypodistes angulata[Lepidoptera], Helophilus pendulus[Diptera], Orectognathus szentivanyi[Hymenoptera], Allacta sp.[Blattodea]]]
= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[1]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[2].

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[3] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[4] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.[5]

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[6] &lt;br&gt;
Antennae have a variable number of segments and facilitate chemoreception(perception of chemical stimuli) and mechanoreception(perception of touch and motion)[7].

== Eye ==
===== Compound eye =====
Insects' compound eyes have a variable number of ommatidia that perceive light with a cornea, lens, eight photoreceptor cells, and some accessory structures[2]. The photoreceptors, oriented to receive light from different directions depending on the curvature of the eye and the ommatidia arrangement, form a "neural picture" based on the light they receive[2]. There are multiple variants of ommatidia, including, but not limited to: apposition, with optically isolated ommatidia; superposition, where the ommatidia are not optically isolated; and neural superposition, where the ommatidia are  optically isolated but due to neuronal arrangement produce partially summated pixels[2].

===== Ocelli =====

= Sources =
[1]: Winterton, S. (2009, November 30). "Scales and Setae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780123741448002381&lt;br&gt;
[2]: Weckstrom, M. (2014, June 24). ''Function of compound eye''. Scholarpedia. http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye&lt;br&gt;
[3]: ''Definition''.(n.d.). University of Florida. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[4]: ''Types of legs''. (2011, November 17). Indian Council of Agricultural Research. http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[5]: Ramdya, P. (2017, February 17). ''Climbing favours the tripod gate over alternative faster insect gaits''. Nature Communications. https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14494&lt;br&gt;
[6]: Hadley, D. (2019, October 01). ''The 13 Forms of Insect Antennae''. ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065&lt;br&gt;
[7]: Loudon, C. (2009). "Chapter 6 - Antennae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123741448000060</text>
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An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.
[[File:Insect Collage.png|thumb|right|Insects from different orders. Clockwise: Pachypodistes angulata[Lepidoptera], Helophilus pendulus[Diptera], Orectognathus szentivanyi[Hymenoptera], Allacta sp.[Blattodea]]]
= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[1]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[2].

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[3] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[4] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.[5]

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[6] &lt;br&gt;
Antennae have a variable number of segments and facilitate chemoreception(perception of chemical stimuli) and mechanoreception(perception of touch and motion)[7].

== Eye ==
===== Compound eye =====
Insects' compound eyes have a variable number of ommatidia — between few and thousands — that perceive light with a cornea, lens, eight photoreceptor cells, and some accessory structures[2]. The photoreceptors, oriented to receive light from different directions depending on the curvature of the eye and the ommatidia arrangement, form a "neural picture" based on the light they receive[2]. There are multiple variants of ommatidia, including, but not limited to: apposition, with optically isolated ommatidia; superposition, where the ommatidia are not optically isolated; and neural superposition, where the ommatidia are  optically isolated but due to neuronal arrangement produce partially summated pixels[2].

===== Ocelli =====

= Sources =
[1]: Winterton, S. (2009, November 30). "Scales and Setae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780123741448002381&lt;br&gt;
[2]: Weckstrom, M. (2014, June 24). ''Function of compound eye''. Scholarpedia. http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye&lt;br&gt;
[3]: ''Definition''.(n.d.). University of Florida. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[4]: ''Types of legs''. (2011, November 17). Indian Council of Agricultural Research. http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[5]: Ramdya, P. (2017, February 17). ''Climbing favours the tripod gate over alternative faster insect gaits''. Nature Communications. https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14494&lt;br&gt;
[6]: Hadley, D. (2019, October 01). ''The 13 Forms of Insect Antennae''. ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065&lt;br&gt;
[7]: Loudon, C. (2009). "Chapter 6 - Antennae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123741448000060</text>
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An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.
[[File:Insect Collage.png|thumb|right|Insects from different orders. Clockwise: Pachypodistes angulata[Lepidoptera], Helophilus pendulus[Diptera], Orectognathus szentivanyi[Hymenoptera], Allacta sp.[Blattodea]]]
= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[1]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[2].

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[3] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[4] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.[5]

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[6] &lt;br&gt;
Antennae have a variable number of segments and facilitate chemoreception(perception of chemical stimuli) and mechanoreception(perception of touch and motion)[7].

== Eye ==
===== Compound eye =====
Insects' compound eyes have a variable number of ommatidia — between few and thousands — that perceive light with a cornea, lens, eight photoreceptor cells, and some accessory structures[2]. The photoreceptors, oriented to receive light from different directions depending on the curvature of the eye and the ommatidia arrangement, form a "neural picture" based on the light they receive[2]. There are multiple variants of ommatidia, including, but not limited to: apposition, with optically isolated ommatidia; superposition, where the ommatidia are not optically isolated; and neural superposition, where the ommatidia are  optically isolated but due to neuronal arrangement produce partially summated pixels[2].

===== Ocelli =====
Ocelli are known also as simple eyes due to the fact that they comprise only a single lens.

= Sources =
[1]: Winterton, S. (2009, November 30). "Scales and Setae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780123741448002381&lt;br&gt;
[2]: Weckstrom, M. (2014, June 24). ''Function of compound eye''. Scholarpedia. http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye&lt;br&gt;
[3]: ''Definition''.(n.d.). University of Florida. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[4]: ''Types of legs''. (2011, November 17). Indian Council of Agricultural Research. http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[5]: Ramdya, P. (2017, February 17). ''Climbing favours the tripod gate over alternative faster insect gaits''. Nature Communications. https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14494&lt;br&gt;
[6]: Hadley, D. (2019, October 01). ''The 13 Forms of Insect Antennae''. ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065&lt;br&gt;
[7]: Loudon, C. (2009). "Chapter 6 - Antennae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123741448000060</text>
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An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.
[[File:Insect Collage.png|thumb|right|Insects from different orders. Clockwise: ''[[Pachypodistes angulata]]''([[Lepidoptera]]), ''[[Helophilus pendulus]]''([[Diptera]]), ''[[Orectognathus szentivanyi]]''([[Hymenoptera]]), ''[[Allacta sp.]]''([[Blattodea]])]]
= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[1]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[2].

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[3] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[4] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.[5]

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[6] &lt;br&gt;
Antennae have a variable number of segments and facilitate chemoreception(perception of chemical stimuli) and mechanoreception(perception of touch and motion)[7].

== Eye ==
===== Compound eye =====
Insects' compound eyes have a variable number of ommatidia — between few and thousands — that perceive light with a cornea, lens, eight photoreceptor cells, and some accessory structures[2]. The photoreceptors, oriented to receive light from different directions depending on the curvature of the eye and the ommatidia arrangement, form a "neural picture" based on the light they receive[2]. There are multiple variants of ommatidia, including, but not limited to: apposition, with optically isolated ommatidia; superposition, where the ommatidia are not optically isolated; and neural superposition, where the ommatidia are  optically isolated but due to neuronal arrangement produce partially summated pixels[2].

===== Ocelli =====
Ocelli are known also as simple eyes due to the fact that they comprise only a single lens.

= Sources =
[1]: Winterton, S. (2009, November 30). "Scales and Setae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780123741448002381&lt;br&gt;
[2]: Weckstrom, M. (2014, June 24). ''Function of compound eye''. Scholarpedia. http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye&lt;br&gt;
[3]: ''Definition''.(n.d.). University of Florida. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[4]: ''Types of legs''. (2011, November 17). Indian Council of Agricultural Research. http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[5]: Ramdya, P. (2017, February 17). ''Climbing favours the tripod gate over alternative faster insect gaits''. Nature Communications. https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14494&lt;br&gt;
[6]: Hadley, D. (2019, October 01). ''The 13 Forms of Insect Antennae''. ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065&lt;br&gt;
[7]: Loudon, C. (2009). "Chapter 6 - Antennae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123741448000060</text>
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  <title>Insectopedia — Insects of the world:About</title>
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    <comment>Created page with "I created Insectopedia after realising that, with regards to insects, Wikipedia has a frustrating dearth of information — many species are stubs and lack even the most basic information on appearance, sexual dimorphism, behaviour, and distribution. Moreover, if I look online for, say, what the genitalia of a ''Pleuroprucha insulsaria'' male is, I will find absolutely nothing relevant and will have to either go to a library or pay for an article on the topic. While I ma..."</comment>
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    <text bytes="638" xml:space="preserve">I created Insectopedia after realising that, with regards to insects, Wikipedia has a frustrating dearth of information — many species are stubs and lack even the most basic information on appearance, sexual dimorphism, behaviour, and distribution. Moreover, if I look online for, say, what the genitalia of a ''Pleuroprucha insulsaria'' male is, I will find absolutely nothing relevant and will have to either go to a library or pay for an article on the topic. While I may or may not be able to provide everyone with that specific piece of information, I seek to make publicly accessible as much entomological information as feasible.</text>
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    <text bytes="963" xml:space="preserve">I created Insectopedia after realising that, with regards to insects, Wikipedia has a frustrating dearth of information — many species are stubs and lack even the most basic information on appearance, sexual dimorphism, behaviour, and distribution. Moreover, if I search online for, say, a description of the genitalia of a ''Pleuroprucha insulsaria'' male, I will find absolutely nothing relevant and will have to either go to a library, hope for the best by searching on Researchgate, or pay for an article on the topic. While I may or may not be able to provide everyone with that specific piece of information, I seek to make publicly accessible as much entomological information as feasible. A large amount of information being available at one single source is a major priority; that way, people will not have to go rummage through random websites and the nth page of Google for trivial pieces of information that ''should'' be much, much more accessible.</text>
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    <text bytes="1005" xml:space="preserve">I created Insectopedia after realising that, with regards to insects, Wikipedia has a frustrating dearth of information — many species are stubs and lack even the most basic information on appearance, sexual dimorphism, behaviour, and distribution. Moreover, if I search online for, say, a description of the genitalia of a ''Pleuroprucha insulsaria'' male, I will find absolutely nothing relevant and will have to go to a library, search on Researchgate, find some other open-access academic site that ''may'' have what I want, or pay for an article on the topic. While I may or may not be able to provide everyone with that specific piece of information, I seek to make publicly accessible as much entomological information as feasible. A large amount of information being available at one single source is a major priority; that way, people will not have to go rummage through random websites and the nth page of Google for trivial pieces of information that ''should'' be much, much more accessible.</text>
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    <text bytes="999" xml:space="preserve">I created Insectopedia after realising that, with regards to insects, Wikipedia has a frustrating dearth of information — many species are stubs and lack even the most basic information on appearance, sexual dimorphism, behaviour, and distribution. Moreover, if I search online for, say, a diagram of the anatomy of a ''Pleuroprucha insulsaria'' male, I will find absolutely nothing relevant and will have to go to a library, search on Researchgate, find some other open-access academic site that ''may'' have what I want, or pay for an article on the topic. While I may or may not be able to provide everyone with that specific piece of information, I seek to make publicly accessible as much entomological information as feasible. A large amount of information being available at one single source is a major priority; that way, people will not have to go rummage through random websites and the nth page of Google for trivial pieces of information that ''should'' be much, much more accessible.</text>
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    <comment>Created page with "&lt;div style="background-color: #dde8fb; border: 2px solid #000080; padding: 10px;"&gt; This page is under construction and may undergo significant, frequent changes. Please refrain from editing this page until this notice is removed. &lt;/div&gt;"</comment>
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This page is under construction and may undergo significant, frequent changes. Please refrain from editing this page until this notice is removed.
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    <comment>Created page with "I am Franz Freeman, founder of Insectopedia and amateur entomologist. I am passionate about educating others and making media and information accessible to all without paywalls or copyright issues."</comment>
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    <text bytes="197" xml:space="preserve">I am Franz Freeman, founder of Insectopedia and amateur entomologist. I am passionate about educating others and making media and information accessible to all without paywalls or copyright issues.</text>
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    <text bytes="171" xml:space="preserve">Insects from different orders. Clockwise: Pachypodistes angulata[Lepidoptera], Helophilus pendulus[Diptera], Orectognathus szentivanyi[Hymenoptera], Allacta sp.[Blattodea]</text>
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  <title>Hylephila phyleus</title>
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    <comment>Created page with "Hylephila phyleus, the fiery skipper, is a species of skipper in the subfamily Hesperiinae. Fiery skippers are common throughout Mexico; South America; and the southwestern, southern, eastern, and midwestern regions of the United States of America.[1]  {| class="wikitable" |+ ''Hylephila phyleus'' |- ! Order |- | [[Lepidoptera]] |- ! Superfamily |- | [[Papilionoidea]] |- ! Family |- | [[Hesperiidae]] |- ! Subfamily |- | [[Hesperiinae]] |- ! Tribe |- | [[Hesperiini]] |- !..."</comment>
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    <text bytes="624" xml:space="preserve">Hylephila phyleus, the fiery skipper, is a species of skipper in the subfamily Hesperiinae. Fiery skippers are common throughout Mexico; South America; and the southwestern, southern, eastern, and midwestern regions of the United States of America.[1] 
{| class="wikitable"
|+ ''Hylephila phyleus''
|-
! Order
|-
| [[Lepidoptera]]
|-
! Superfamily
|-
| [[Papilionoidea]]
|-
! Family
|-
| [[Hesperiidae]]
|-
! Subfamily
|-
| [[Hesperiinae]]
|-
! Tribe
|-
| [[Hesperiini]]
|-
! Genus
|-
| [[Hylephila]]
|-
! Species
|-
| ''Hylephila phyleus''
|}


== Sources ==
[1]: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations?taxon_id=50340</text>
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    <text bytes="1328" xml:space="preserve">Hylephila phyleus, the fiery skipper, is a species of skipper in the subfamily Hesperiinae. Fiery skippers are common throughout Mexico; South America; and the southwestern, southern, eastern, and midwestern regions of the United States of America.[1] 
== Taxonomy ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ ''Hylephila phyleus''
|-
! Order
|-
| [[Lepidoptera]]
|-
! Superfamily
|-
| [[Papilionoidea]]
|-
! Family
|-
| [[Hesperiidae]]
|-
! Subfamily
|-
| [[Hesperiinae]]
|-
! Tribe
|-
| [[Hesperiini]]
|-
! Genus
|-
| [[Hylephila]]
|-
! Species
|-
| ''Hylephila phyleus''
|}
== Information ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Wingspan !! Diet
|-
| 3.0-4.0 cm[2] || Nectarivorous[adult], Herbivorous[larvae]
|-
! Pollinator !! Lifespan(adult)
|-
| Yes || "weeks"[3]
|-
! Conservation status(NatureServe) !! Habitat type
|-
| G5(Secure)[4] || Terrestrial: Mixed woodland, herbaceous, hardwood woodland, shrubland, conifer woodland, suburban, old field, savanna [4]
|-
|}


== Sources ==
[1]: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations?taxon_id=50340
[2]: University of Florida. (n.d.). fiery skipper - Hylephila phyleus. Fiery skipper - hylephila phyleus. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/BFLY/fiery_skipper.htm 
[3]: https://www.lifeoncsgpond.com/fiery-skipper
[4]: https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.113570/Hylephila_phyleus</text>
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    <text bytes="1343" xml:space="preserve">Hylephila phyleus, the fiery skipper, is a species of skipper in the subfamily Hesperiinae. Fiery skippers are common throughout Mexico; South America; and the southwestern, southern, eastern, and midwestern regions of the United States of America.[1] 
== Taxonomy ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ ''Hylephila phyleus''
|-
! Order
|-
| [[Lepidoptera]]
|-
! Superfamily
|-
| [[Papilionoidea]]
|-
! Family
|-
| [[Hesperiidae]]
|-
! Subfamily
|-
| [[Hesperiinae]]
|-
! Tribe
|-
| [[Hesperiini]]
|-
! Genus
|-
| [[Hylephila]]
|-
! Species
|-
| ''Hylephila phyleus''
|}
== Information ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Wingspan !! Diet
|-
| 3.0-4.0 cm[2] || Nectarivorous[adult], Herbivorous[larvae]
|-
! Pollinator !! Lifespan(adult)
|-
| Yes || "weeks"[3]
|-
! Conservation status(NatureServe) !! Habitat type
|-
| G5(Secure)[4] || Terrestrial: Mixed woodland, herbaceous, hardwood woodland, shrubland, conifer woodland, suburban, old field, savanna [4]
|-
|}


== Sources ==
[1]: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations?taxon_id=50340&lt;br&gt;

[2]: University of Florida. (n.d.). fiery skipper - Hylephila phyleus. Fiery skipper - hylephila phyleus. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/BFLY/fiery_skipper.htm&lt;br&gt;
 
[3]: https://www.lifeoncsgpond.com/fiery-skipper&lt;br&gt;

[4]: https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.113570/Hylephila_phyleus</text>
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    <text bytes="1860" xml:space="preserve">Hylephila phyleus, the fiery skipper, is a species of skipper in the subfamily Hesperiinae. Fiery skippers are common throughout Mexico; South America; and the southwestern, southern, eastern, and midwestern regions of the United States of America.[1] 
== Taxonomy ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ ''Hylephila phyleus''
|-
! Order
|-
| [[Lepidoptera]]
|-
! Superfamily
|-
| [[Papilionoidea]]
|-
! Family
|-
| [[Hesperiidae]]
|-
! Subfamily
|-
| [[Hesperiinae]]
|-
! Tribe
|-
| [[Hesperiini]]
|-
! Genus
|-
| [[Hylephila]]
|-
! Species
|-
| ''Hylephila phyleus''
|}
== Information ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Wingspan !! Diet
|-
| 3.0-4.0 cm[2] || Nectarivorous[adult], Herbivorous[larvae]
|-
! Pollinator !! Lifespan(adult)
|-
| Yes || "weeks"[3]
|-
! Conservation status(NatureServe) !! Habitat type
|-
| G5(Secure)[4] || Terrestrial: Mixed woodland, herbaceous, hardwood woodland, shrubland, conifer woodland, suburban, old field, savanna [4]
|-
|}
== Description ==
The appearance of ''Hylephila phyleus' varies based on sex and location. Generally, males are bright yellow or orange while females are yellowish-brown[5]. Some females appear to be grey[6].


== Sources ==
[1]: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations?taxon_id=50340&lt;br&gt;

[2]: University of Florida. (n.d.). fiery skipper - Hylephila phyleus. Fiery skipper - hylephila phyleus. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/BFLY/fiery_skipper.htm&lt;br&gt;
 
[3]: https://www.lifeoncsgpond.com/fiery-skipper&lt;br&gt;

[4]: https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.113570/Hylephila_phyleus

[5]: Barton, B. 2004. "Hylephila phyleus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed 2023, October 21 at https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Hylephila_phyleus/

[6]: Schwartzman, S. (2016, February 23). 'Mating skippers'. Bugguide. Accessed 2023, October 21 at https://bugguide.net/node/view/1193395/bgimage</text>
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    <text bytes="1857" xml:space="preserve">Hylephila phyleus, the fiery skipper, is a species of skipper in the subfamily Hesperiinae. Fiery skippers are common throughout Mexico; South America; and the southwestern, southern, eastern, and midwestern regions of the United States of America.[1] 
== Taxonomy ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ ''Hylephila phyleus''
|-
! Order
|-
| [[Lepidoptera]]
|-
! Superfamily
|-
| [[Papilionoidea]]
|-
! Family
|-
| [[Hesperiidae]]
|-
! Subfamily
|-
| [[Hesperiinae]]
|-
! Tribe
|-
| [[Hesperiini]]
|-
! Genus
|-
| [[Hylephila]]
|-
! Species
|-
| ''Hylephila phyleus''
|}
== Information ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Wingspan !! Diet
|-
| 3.0-4.0 cm[2] || Nectarivorous[adult], Herbivorous[larvae]
|-
! Pollinator !! Lifespan(adult)
|-
| Yes || "weeks"[3]
|-
! Conservation status(NatureServe) !! Habitat type
|-
| G5(Secure)[4] || Terrestrial: Mixed woodland, herbaceous, hardwood woodland, shrubland, conifer woodland, suburban, old field, savanna [4]
|-
|}
== Description ==
The appearance of ''Hylephila phyleus'' varies based on sex and location. Generally, males are bright yellow or orange while females are yellowish-brown[5]. Some females appear to be grey[6].

== Sources ==
[1]: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations?taxon_id=50340&lt;br&gt;

[2]: University of Florida. (n.d.). fiery skipper - Hylephila phyleus. Fiery skipper - hylephila phyleus. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/BFLY/fiery_skipper.htm&lt;br&gt;
 
[3]: https://www.lifeoncsgpond.com/fiery-skipper&lt;br&gt;

[4]: https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.113570/Hylephila_phyleus

[5]: Barton, B. 2004. "Hylephila phyleus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed 2023, October 21 at https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Hylephila_phyleus/

[6]: Schwartzman, S. (2016, February 23). 'Mating skippers'. Bugguide. Accessed 2023, October 21 at https://bugguide.net/node/view/1193395/bgimage</text>
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    <contributor>
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    <comment>/* Description */</comment>
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    <text bytes="2019" xml:space="preserve">Hylephila phyleus, the fiery skipper, is a species of skipper in the subfamily Hesperiinae. Fiery skippers are common throughout Mexico; South America; and the southwestern, southern, eastern, and midwestern regions of the United States of America.[1] 
== Taxonomy ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ ''Hylephila phyleus''
|-
! Order
|-
| [[Lepidoptera]]
|-
! Superfamily
|-
| [[Papilionoidea]]
|-
! Family
|-
| [[Hesperiidae]]
|-
! Subfamily
|-
| [[Hesperiinae]]
|-
! Tribe
|-
| [[Hesperiini]]
|-
! Genus
|-
| [[Hylephila]]
|-
! Species
|-
| ''Hylephila phyleus''
|}
== Information ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Wingspan !! Diet
|-
| 3.0-4.0 cm[2] || Nectarivorous[adult], Herbivorous[larvae]
|-
! Pollinator !! Lifespan(adult)
|-
| Yes || "weeks"[3]
|-
! Conservation status(NatureServe) !! Habitat type
|-
| G5(Secure)[4] || Terrestrial: Mixed woodland, herbaceous, hardwood woodland, shrubland, conifer woodland, suburban, old field, savanna [4]
|-
|}
== Description ==
The appearance of ''Hylephila phyleus'' varies based on sex and location. Generally, males are bright yellow or orange while females are yellowish-brown[5]. Some females appear to be grey[6]. Both sexes typically have small dark dots distributed throughout their underwings; all fiery skippers will have a dot on the ventral ruffle on both hindwings[7].

== Sources ==
[1]: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations?taxon_id=50340&lt;br&gt;

[2]: University of Florida. (n.d.). fiery skipper - Hylephila phyleus. Fiery skipper - hylephila phyleus. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/BFLY/fiery_skipper.htm&lt;br&gt;
 
[3]: https://www.lifeoncsgpond.com/fiery-skipper&lt;br&gt;

[4]: https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.113570/Hylephila_phyleus

[5]: Barton, B. 2004. "Hylephila phyleus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed 2023, October 21 at https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Hylephila_phyleus/

[6]: Schwartzman, S. (2016, February 23). 'Mating skippers'. Bugguide. Accessed 2023, October 21 at https://bugguide.net/node/view/1193395/bgimage</text>
    <sha1>0367947292ef1eee1febbf909b932766eb68671c</sha1>
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    <contributor>
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    <text bytes="2238" xml:space="preserve">Hylephila phyleus, the fiery skipper, is a species of skipper in the subfamily Hesperiinae. Fiery skippers are common throughout Mexico; South America; and the southwestern, southern, eastern, and midwestern regions of the United States of America.[1] 
== Taxonomy ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ ''Hylephila phyleus''
|-
! Order
|-
| [[Lepidoptera]]
|-
! Superfamily
|-
| [[Papilionoidea]]
|-
! Family
|-
| [[Hesperiidae]]
|-
! Subfamily
|-
| [[Hesperiinae]]
|-
! Tribe
|-
| [[Hesperiini]]
|-
! Genus
|-
| [[Hylephila]]
|-
! Species
|-
| ''Hylephila phyleus''
|}
== Information ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Wingspan !! Diet
|-
| 3.0-4.0 cm[2] || Nectarivorous[adult], Herbivorous[larvae]
|-
! Pollinator !! Lifespan(adult)
|-
| Yes || "weeks"[3]
|-
! Conservation status(NatureServe) !! Habitat type
|-
| G5(Secure)[4] || Terrestrial: Mixed woodland, herbaceous, hardwood woodland, shrubland, conifer woodland, suburban, old field, savanna [4]
|-
|}
== Description ==
The appearance of ''Hylephila phyleus'' varies based on sex and location. Generally, males are bright yellow or orange while females are yellowish-brown[5]. Some females appear to be grey[6]. Both sexes typically have small dark dots distributed throughout their underwings; all fiery skippers will have a dot on the ventral ruffle on both hindwings[7].

== Sources ==
[1]: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations?taxon_id=50340&lt;br&gt;

[2]: University of Florida. (n.d.). fiery skipper - Hylephila phyleus. Fiery skipper - hylephila phyleus. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/BFLY/fiery_skipper.htm&lt;br&gt;
 
[3]: https://www.lifeoncsgpond.com/fiery-skipper&lt;br&gt;

[4]: https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.113570/Hylephila_phyleus&lt;br&gt;

[5]: Barton, B. 2004. "Hylephila phyleus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed 2023, October 21 at https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Hylephila_phyleus/&lt;br&gt;

[6]: Schwartzman, S. (2016, February 23). Mating skippers. Bugguide. Accessed 2023, October 21 at https://bugguide.net/node/view/1193395/bgimage&lt;br&gt;

[7]: Perry IV, E. (2020, December 27). ''Hylephila phyleus from Bull Creek, Florida, USA on May 4, 2019 at 12:28''. iNaturalist. Accessed 2023, October 21 at https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/67135752</text>
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    <text bytes="2482" xml:space="preserve">''Hylephila phyleus''(Drury, 1773)[8], the fiery skipper, is a species of skipper in the subfamily Hesperiinae. Fiery skippers are common throughout Mexico; South America; and the southwestern, southern, eastern, and midwestern regions of the United States of America.[1]
== Taxonomy ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ ''Hylephila phyleus''
|-
! Order
|-
| [[Lepidoptera]]
|-
! Superfamily
|-
| [[Papilionoidea]]
|-
! Family
|-
| [[Hesperiidae]]
|-
! Subfamily
|-
| [[Hesperiinae]]
|-
! Tribe
|-
| [[Hesperiini]]
|-
! Genus
|-
| [[Hylephila]]
|-
! Species
|-
| ''Hylephila phyleus''
|}
== Information ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Wingspan !! Diet
|-
| 3.0-4.0 cm[2] || Nectarivorous[adult], Herbivorous[larvae]
|-
! Pollinator !! Lifespan(adult)
|-
| Yes || "weeks"[3]
|-
! Conservation status(NatureServe) !! Habitat type
|-
| G5(Secure)[4] || Terrestrial: Mixed woodland, herbaceous, hardwood woodland, shrubland, conifer woodland, suburban, old field, savanna [4]
|-
|}
== Description ==
The appearance of ''Hylephila phyleus'' varies based on sex and location. Generally, males are bright yellow or orange while females are yellowish-brown[5]. Some females appear to be grey[6]. Both sexes typically have small dark dots distributed throughout their underwings; all fiery skippers will have a dot on the ventral ruffle on both hindwings[7].

== Sources and Footnotes ==
[1]: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations?taxon_id=50340&lt;br&gt;

[2]: University of Florida. (n.d.). fiery skipper - Hylephila phyleus. Fiery skipper - hylephila phyleus. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/BFLY/fiery_skipper.htm&lt;br&gt;
 
[3]: https://www.lifeoncsgpond.com/fiery-skipper&lt;br&gt;

[4]: https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.113570/Hylephila_phyleus&lt;br&gt;

[5]: Barton, B. 2004. "Hylephila phyleus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed 2023, October 21 at https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Hylephila_phyleus/&lt;br&gt;

[6]: Schwartzman, S. (2016, February 23). Mating skippers. Bugguide. Accessed 2023, October 21 at https://bugguide.net/node/view/1193395/bgimage&lt;br&gt;

[7]: Perry IV, E. (2020, December 27). ''Hylephila phyleus from Bull Creek, Florida, USA on May 4, 2019 at 12:28''. iNaturalist. Accessed 2023, October 21 at https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/67135752

[8] Dru Drury described ''Hylephila phyleus'' in 1773.
Bartlett, T. et al. (2004, February 16). ''Hylephila phyleus - Fiery Skipper''. Bugguide. Accessed 2023, October 21 at https://bugguide.net/node/view/406.</text>
    <sha1>f09d5dd6d9b667522fd39e06495516686a24edce</sha1>
  </revision>
</page>
<page arvcontinue="20231021193715|51">
  <title>Hylephila phyleus</title>
  <ns>0</ns>
  <id>7</id>
  <revision>
    <id>51</id>
    <parentid>50</parentid>
    <timestamp>2023-10-21T19:37:15Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="2688" xml:space="preserve">''Hylephila phyleus''(Drury, 1773)[8], the fiery skipper, is a species of skipper in the subfamily Hesperiinae. Fiery skippers are common throughout Mexico; South America; and the southwestern, southern, eastern, and midwestern regions of the United States of America.[1]
== Taxonomy ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ ''Hylephila phyleus''
|-
! Order
|-
| [[Lepidoptera]]
|-
! Superfamily
|-
| [[Papilionoidea]]
|-
! Family
|-
| [[Hesperiidae]]
|-
! Subfamily
|-
| [[Hesperiinae]]
|-
! Tribe
|-
| [[Hesperiini]]
|-
! Genus
|-
| [[Hylephila]]
|-
! Species
|-
| ''Hylephila phyleus''
|}
== Information ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Wingspan !! Diet
|-
| 3.0-4.0 cm[2] || Nectarivorous[adult], Herbivorous[larvae]
|-
! Pollinator !! Lifespan(adult)
|-
| Yes || "weeks"[3]
|-
! Conservation status(NatureServe) !! Habitat type
|-
| G5(Secure)[4] || Terrestrial: Mixed woodland, herbaceous, hardwood woodland, shrubland, conifer woodland, suburban, old field, savanna [4]
|-
|}
== Description ==
The appearance of ''Hylephila phyleus'' varies based on sex and location. Generally, males are bright yellow or orange while females are yellowish-brown[5]. Some females appear to be grey[6]. Both sexes typically have small dark dots distributed throughout their underwings; all fiery skippers will have a dot on the ventral ruffle on both hindwings[7].

== Sources and Footnotes ==
[1]: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations?taxon_id=50340&lt;br&gt;

[2]: University of Florida. (n.d.). fiery skipper - Hylephila phyleus. Fiery skipper - hylephila phyleus. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/BFLY/fiery_skipper.htm&lt;br&gt;
 
[3]: https://www.lifeoncsgpond.com/fiery-skipper&lt;br&gt;

[4]: https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.113570/Hylephila_phyleus&lt;br&gt;

[5]: Barton, B. 2004. "Hylephila phyleus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed 2023, October 21 at https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Hylephila_phyleus/&lt;br&gt;

[6]: Schwartzman, S. (2016, February 23). Mating skippers. Bugguide. Accessed 2023, October 21 at https://bugguide.net/node/view/1193395/bgimage&lt;br&gt;

[7]: Perry IV, E. (2020, December 27). ''Hylephila phyleus from Bull Creek, Florida, USA on May 4, 2019 at 12:28''. iNaturalist. Accessed 2023, October 21 at https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/67135752

[8] Dru Drury described ''Hylephila phyleus'' in 1773.&lt;br&gt;
Bartlett, T. et al. (2004, February 16). ''Hylephila phyleus - Fiery Skipper''. Bugguide. Accessed 2023, October 21 at https://bugguide.net/node/view/406.

[[Category: Insect species]]
[[Category: Lepidoptera]]
[[Category: Papilionoidea]]
[[Category: Hesperiidae]]
[[Category: Hesperiinae]]
[[Category: Hesperiini]]
[[Category: Hylephila]]
[[Category: G5]]</text>
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  </revision>
  <revision>
    <id>52</id>
    <parentid>51</parentid>
    <timestamp>2023-10-21T19:39:48Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="2835" xml:space="preserve">''Hylephila phyleus''(Drury, 1773)[8], the fiery skipper, is a species of skipper in the subfamily Hesperiinae. Fiery skippers are common throughout Mexico; South America; and the southwestern, southern, eastern, and midwestern regions of the United States of America.[1]
== Taxonomy ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ ''Hylephila phyleus''
|-
! Order
|-
| [[Lepidoptera]]
|-
! Superfamily
|-
| [[Papilionoidea]]
|-
! Family
|-
| [[Hesperiidae]]
|-
! Subfamily
|-
| [[Hesperiinae]]
|-
! Tribe
|-
| [[Hesperiini]]
|-
! Genus
|-
| [[Hylephila]]
|-
! Species
|-
| ''Hylephila phyleus''
|}
== Information ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Wingspan !! Diet
|-
| 3.0-4.0 cm[2] || Nectarivorous[adult], Herbivorous[larvae]
|-
! Pollinator !! Lifespan(adult)
|-
| Yes || "weeks"[3]
|-
! Conservation status(NatureServe) !! Habitat type
|-
| G5(Secure)[4] || Terrestrial: Mixed woodland, herbaceous, hardwood woodland, shrubland, conifer woodland, suburban, old field, savanna [4]
|-
|}
== Description ==
The appearance of ''Hylephila phyleus'' varies based on sex and location. Generally, males are bright yellow or orange while females are yellowish-brown[5]. Some females appear to be grey[6]. Both sexes typically have small dark dots distributed throughout their underwings; all fiery skippers will have a dot on the ventral ruffle on both hindwings[7].

== Sources and Footnotes ==
[1]: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations?taxon_id=50340&lt;br&gt;

[2]: University of Florida. (n.d.). fiery skipper - Hylephila phyleus. Fiery skipper - hylephila phyleus. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/BFLY/fiery_skipper.htm&lt;br&gt;
 
[3]: https://www.lifeoncsgpond.com/fiery-skipper&lt;br&gt;

[4]: https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.113570/Hylephila_phyleus&lt;br&gt;

[5]: Barton, B. 2004. "Hylephila phyleus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed 2023, October 21 at https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Hylephila_phyleus/&lt;br&gt;

[6]: Schwartzman, S. (2016, February 23). Mating skippers. Bugguide. Accessed 2023, October 21 at https://bugguide.net/node/view/1193395/bgimage&lt;br&gt;

[7]: Perry IV, E. (2020, December 27). ''Hylephila phyleus from Bull Creek, Florida, USA on May 4, 2019 at 12:28''. iNaturalist. Accessed 2023, October 21 at https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/67135752

[8] Dru Drury described ''Hylephila phyleus'' in 1773.&lt;br&gt;
Bartlett, T. et al. (2004, February 16). ''Hylephila phyleus - Fiery Skipper''. Bugguide. Accessed 2023, October 21 at https://bugguide.net/node/view/406.

[[Category: Insect species]]
[[Category: Lepidoptera]]
[[Category: Papilionoidea]]
[[Category: Hesperiidae]]
[[Category: Hesperiinae]]
[[Category: Hesperiini]]
[[Category: Hylephila]]
[[Category: G5]]
[[Category: Nectarivorous adult]]
[[Category: Herbivorous larvae]]
[[Category: Nectarivorous]]
[[Category: Herbivorous]]
[[Category: Pollinators]]</text>
    <sha1>2fec75ecacd58309b6b5a9a5b41e2927643173ec</sha1>
  </revision>
  <revision>
    <id>87</id>
    <parentid>52</parentid>
    <timestamp>2023-10-26T16:06:44Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="2852" xml:space="preserve">''Hylephila phyleus''(Drury, 1773)[8], the fiery skipper, is a species of skipper in the subfamily Hesperiinae. Fiery skippers are common throughout Mexico; South America; and the southwestern, southern, eastern, and midwestern regions of the United States of America.[1]
== Taxonomy ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ ''Hylephila phyleus''
|-
! Order
|-
| [[Lepidoptera]]
|-
! Superfamily
|-
| [[Papilionoidea]]
|-
! Family
|-
| [[Hesperiidae]]
|-
! Subfamily
|-
| [[Hesperiinae]]
|-
! Tribe
|-
| [[Hesperiini]]
|-
! Genus
|-
| [[Hylephila]]
|-
! Species
|-
| ''Hylephila phyleus''
|}
== Information ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Wingspan !! Diet
|-
| 3.0-4.0 cm[2] || Nectarivorous[adult], Herbivorous[larvae]
|-
! Pollinator !! Lifespan(adult)
|-
| Yes || "weeks"[3]
|-
! Conservation status(NatureServe) !! Habitat type
|-
| G5(Secure)[4] || Terrestrial: Mixed woodland, herbaceous, hardwood woodland, shrubland, conifer woodland, suburban, old field, savanna [4]
|-
|}
== Description ==
The appearance of ''Hylephila phyleus'' varies based on sex and location. Generally, males are bright yellow or orange while females are yellowish-brown[5]. Some females appear to be grey[6]. Both sexes typically have small dark dots distributed throughout their underwings; all fiery skippers will have a dot on the ventral ruffle on both hindwings[7].
== Life cycle ==

== Sources and Footnotes ==
[1]: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations?taxon_id=50340&lt;br&gt;

[2]: University of Florida. (n.d.). fiery skipper - Hylephila phyleus. Fiery skipper - hylephila phyleus. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/BFLY/fiery_skipper.htm&lt;br&gt;
 
[3]: https://www.lifeoncsgpond.com/fiery-skipper&lt;br&gt;

[4]: https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.113570/Hylephila_phyleus&lt;br&gt;

[5]: Barton, B. 2004. "Hylephila phyleus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed 2023, October 21 at https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Hylephila_phyleus/&lt;br&gt;

[6]: Schwartzman, S. (2016, February 23). Mating skippers. Bugguide. Accessed 2023, October 21 at https://bugguide.net/node/view/1193395/bgimage&lt;br&gt;

[7]: Perry IV, E. (2020, December 27). ''Hylephila phyleus from Bull Creek, Florida, USA on May 4, 2019 at 12:28''. iNaturalist. Accessed 2023, October 21 at https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/67135752

[8] Dru Drury described ''Hylephila phyleus'' in 1773.&lt;br&gt;
Bartlett, T. et al. (2004, February 16). ''Hylephila phyleus - Fiery Skipper''. Bugguide. Accessed 2023, October 21 at https://bugguide.net/node/view/406.

[[Category: Insect species]]
[[Category: Lepidoptera]]
[[Category: Papilionoidea]]
[[Category: Hesperiidae]]
[[Category: Hesperiinae]]
[[Category: Hesperiini]]
[[Category: Hylephila]]
[[Category: G5]]
[[Category: Nectarivorous adult]]
[[Category: Herbivorous larvae]]
[[Category: Nectarivorous]]
[[Category: Herbivorous]]
[[Category: Pollinators]]</text>
    <sha1>922bea7c6ae18f77eb47474fd4d1ccaeeb462a6b</sha1>
  </revision>
</page>
<page arvcontinue="20231021193715|51">
  <title>Main Page</title>
  <ns>0</ns>
  <id>1</id>
  <revision>
    <id>53</id>
    <parentid>48</parentid>
    <timestamp>2023-10-21T22:40:55Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <comment>/* Useful information */</comment>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="2058" xml:space="preserve">__NOTOC__
== Welcome to {{SITENAME}} ==
[[File:Ladybird.jpg|frame|left|''[[Coccinella septempunctata]]'']]
This is a wiki dedicated to the documentation of the at least 1 million species of [[Insect|insects]] known — and unknown — to us. It was founded to serve as an extensive, cohesive, comprehensive source of information regarding entomology and entomological taxonomy.

= Useful information =
== Housekeeping ==
[[Policies]]&lt;br&gt;
[[Style guide]]
== Introductory pages ==
[[Insect|About insects]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Glossary]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Statistics]]&lt;br&gt;

== Insects and the world ==
[[The relationship between insects and humans]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Insects and climate change]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Insect conservation]]&lt;br&gt;

= Main taxa =


== Subclasses ==
[[Apterygota]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Pterygota]]

== Orders ==
[[Archaeognatha]] — bristletails&lt;br&gt;

[[Blattodea]] — termites and cockroaches&lt;br&gt;

[[Coleoptera]] — beetles&lt;br&gt;

[[Dermaptera]] — earwigs&lt;br&gt;

[[Diptera]] — flies&lt;br&gt;

[[Embioptera]] — webspinners&lt;br&gt;

[[Ephemeroptera]] — mayflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Grylloblattodea]] — ice crawlers&lt;br&gt;

[[Hemiptera]] — true bugs&lt;br&gt;

[[Hymenoptera]] — wasps, bees, ants, and sawflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Lepidoptera]] — moths and butterflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Mantodea]] — mantises&lt;br&gt;

[[Mantophasmatodea]] — monotypic order comprising the family Mantophasmatidae&lt;br&gt;

[[Mecoptera]] — scorpionflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Megaloptera]] — dobsonflies, alderflies, and fishflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Neuroptera]] — net-winged insects including lacewings, antlions, and mantidflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Odonata]] — dragonflies and damselflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Orthoptera]] — grasshoppers, crickets, and kin&lt;br&gt;

[[Phasmatodea]] — stick insects&lt;br&gt;

[[Phthiraptera]] — lice

[[Plecoptera]] — stoneflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Psocodea]] — barklice and booklice&lt;br&gt;

[[Raphidioptera]] — snakeflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Siphonaptera]] — fleas&lt;br&gt;

[[Strepsiptera]] — endoparasitic insects(no common name widely in use)&lt;br&gt;

[[Thysanoptera]] — thrips&lt;br&gt;

[[Trichoptera]] — caddisflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Zoraptera]] — angel insects&lt;br&gt;

[[Zygentoma]] — silverfish and firebrats</text>
    <sha1>4f70c3ac21fbe126a32ac21d02cf4f2ad344c87a</sha1>
  </revision>
  <revision>
    <id>54</id>
    <parentid>53</parentid>
    <timestamp>2023-10-21T22:41:06Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <comment>/* Housekeeping */</comment>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="2060" xml:space="preserve">__NOTOC__
== Welcome to {{SITENAME}} ==
[[File:Ladybird.jpg|frame|left|''[[Coccinella septempunctata]]'']]
This is a wiki dedicated to the documentation of the at least 1 million species of [[Insect|insects]] known — and unknown — to us. It was founded to serve as an extensive, cohesive, comprehensive source of information regarding entomology and entomological taxonomy.

= Useful information =
== Housekeeping ==
[[Policies]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Style guide]]

== Introductory pages ==
[[Insect|About insects]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Glossary]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Statistics]]&lt;br&gt;

== Insects and the world ==
[[The relationship between insects and humans]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Insects and climate change]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Insect conservation]]&lt;br&gt;

= Main taxa =


== Subclasses ==
[[Apterygota]]&lt;br&gt;

[[Pterygota]]

== Orders ==
[[Archaeognatha]] — bristletails&lt;br&gt;

[[Blattodea]] — termites and cockroaches&lt;br&gt;

[[Coleoptera]] — beetles&lt;br&gt;

[[Dermaptera]] — earwigs&lt;br&gt;

[[Diptera]] — flies&lt;br&gt;

[[Embioptera]] — webspinners&lt;br&gt;

[[Ephemeroptera]] — mayflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Grylloblattodea]] — ice crawlers&lt;br&gt;

[[Hemiptera]] — true bugs&lt;br&gt;

[[Hymenoptera]] — wasps, bees, ants, and sawflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Lepidoptera]] — moths and butterflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Mantodea]] — mantises&lt;br&gt;

[[Mantophasmatodea]] — monotypic order comprising the family Mantophasmatidae&lt;br&gt;

[[Mecoptera]] — scorpionflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Megaloptera]] — dobsonflies, alderflies, and fishflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Neuroptera]] — net-winged insects including lacewings, antlions, and mantidflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Odonata]] — dragonflies and damselflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Orthoptera]] — grasshoppers, crickets, and kin&lt;br&gt;

[[Phasmatodea]] — stick insects&lt;br&gt;

[[Phthiraptera]] — lice

[[Plecoptera]] — stoneflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Psocodea]] — barklice and booklice&lt;br&gt;

[[Raphidioptera]] — snakeflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Siphonaptera]] — fleas&lt;br&gt;

[[Strepsiptera]] — endoparasitic insects(no common name widely in use)&lt;br&gt;

[[Thysanoptera]] — thrips&lt;br&gt;

[[Trichoptera]] — caddisflies&lt;br&gt;

[[Zoraptera]] — angel insects&lt;br&gt;

[[Zygentoma]] — silverfish and firebrats</text>
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  </revision>
</page>
<page arvcontinue="20231021193715|51">
  <title>Policies</title>
  <ns>0</ns>
  <id>8</id>
  <revision>
    <id>55</id>
    <timestamp>2023-10-21T23:02:56Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <comment>Created page with "1. Follow the Golden Rule — treat others how you wish to be treated.&lt;br&gt;  2. Always cite your sources using footnotes. If your information derives from your own observations or experimentation, place a footnote(e.g. [1] or [2]) after that information and clarify in the "Sources and Footnotes" section that "This information was derived from the personal observations of [your username]." If you fail to cite your sources, I will have to remove the information until you pr..."</comment>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="1743" xml:space="preserve">1. Follow the Golden Rule — treat others how you wish to be treated.&lt;br&gt;

2. Always cite your sources using footnotes. If your information derives from your own observations or experimentation, place a footnote(e.g. [1] or [2]) after that information and clarify in the "Sources and Footnotes" section that "This information was derived from the personal observations of [your username]." If you fail to cite your sources, I will have to remove the information until you provide a citation.&lt;br&gt;

3. Do not, under any circumstance, use AI such as ChatGPT to generate images, retrieve information, or write articles. Not only is AI-generated writing off-putting and vague, AI often provides completely false information, especially regarding taxonomy and entomology. Nonetheless, using it for writing advice or proofreading is acceptable as long as it is in your own words. I use ChatGPT for fun and I, and likely many others, can immediately tell whether something has been written by an AI. If I catch you using AI to create images, articles, or large(&gt;100 words) portions of text, you will be permanently banned from editing or creating articles unless you can absolutely prove beyond a doubt that the content was human-created.&lt;br&gt;

4. Keep all articles and text on-topic and related to insects. What '''is''' on-topic:&lt;br&gt;
* A list of insect species whose larvae feed on x plant&lt;br&gt;
* A species of wasp&lt;br&gt;
* A list of predatory wasp species&lt;br&gt;
* A list of insects that were described by Carl Linneaus.&lt;br&gt;
What is '''not''' on-topic:&lt;br&gt;
* 'Canis familiaris'(domestic dog)&lt;br&gt;
* A plant or fungus species if insects are not the main focus&lt;br&gt;
* Non-insect arthropods(such as springtails, spiders, or isopods)&lt;br&gt;
* Carl Linneaus himself</text>
    <sha1>8f4e0a55f6579e4a3293bb6e93c96c81d6b1c28e</sha1>
  </revision>
  <revision>
    <id>56</id>
    <parentid>55</parentid>
    <timestamp>2023-10-21T23:32:59Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="3725" xml:space="preserve">1. Follow the Golden Rule — treat others how you wish to be treated.&lt;br&gt;

2. Always cite your sources using footnotes. If your information derives from your own observations or experimentation, place a footnote(e.g. [1] or [2]) after that information and clarify in the "Sources and Footnotes" section that "This information was derived from the personal observations of [your username]." If you fail to cite your sources, I will have to remove the information until you provide a citation. Citations should include(whenever available) the surname and first initial of the author(s)(e.g. Linneaus, C.), the date(year, month, day format(e.g. 1982, January 4) the source was published, the publisher or host website of the source(e.g. iNaturalist or Bugguide), the book title(if a book), the article title(if an article), and the URL(if available digitally).&lt;br&gt;

3. Do not, under any circumstance, use AI such as ChatGPT to generate images, retrieve information, or write articles. Not only is AI-generated writing off-putting and vague, AI often provides completely false information, especially regarding taxonomy and entomology. Nonetheless, using it for writing advice or proofreading is acceptable as long as it is in your own words. [[User:StFrancisII|I]] use ChatGPT for fun and I, and likely many others, can immediately tell whether something has been written by an AI. If I catch you using AI to either fabricate information or create images, articles, or large(&gt;100 words) portions of text, you will be permanently banned from editing or creating articles unless you can absolutely prove beyond a doubt that the content was human-created.&lt;br&gt;

4. Keep all articles and text on-topic and related to insects. What '''is''' on-topic:&lt;br&gt;
* A list of insect species whose larvae feed on x plant&lt;br&gt;
* A species of wasp&lt;br&gt;
* A list of predatory wasp species&lt;br&gt;
* A list of insects that were described by Carl Linneaus.&lt;br&gt;
What is '''not''' on-topic:&lt;br&gt;
* 'Canis familiaris'(domestic dog)&lt;br&gt;
* A plant or fungus species if insects are not the main focus&lt;br&gt;
* Non-insect arthropods(such as springtails, spiders, or isopods)&lt;br&gt;
* Carl Linneaus himself&lt;br&gt;

5. No images of non-insect animals unless it serves to illustrate the contents of the article(for example, if an article concerns which insects are preyed upon by a black widow spider(''Latrodectus hesperus''), then adding a picture of the spider would be acceptable, but gratuitously putting a photograph of yourself or your dog into that article would not be acceptable). This rule does not apply to your user page or to talk pages.&lt;br&gt;

6. No porn '''anywhere''' on this wiki. I define "porn" as any non-artistic or medical media that, regardless of censorship:&lt;br&gt;
*contains&lt;br&gt;
** mammalian genitalia of either sex&lt;br&gt;
** unclothed or scantily clad(e.g. pasties) female-presenting human breasts&lt;br&gt;
** human buttocks of either sex&lt;br&gt;
** human sexual intercourse in any form, regardless of the sexes of the parties involved
** suggestive or deliberately sexual posing or imagery(e.g. dry humping, stripping)
* or is clearly intended to elicit sexual arousal in the viewer orwith creator&lt;br&gt;
If you post porn, I will delete your profile page, delete the offending content, and permanently ban your IP address from this site with no chance to appeal. If you post CSAM, I will not only ban you but report your content to Cybertip.&lt;br&gt;

7. No hate. No homophobia, sexism, hatred based on religion, generalisations about either sex or about entire groups of people, racism, transphobia, or ableism. No hate symbols. Punishment will be made at administrators' discretion.&lt;br&gt;

8. Do not bring politics or religion into unrelated discussions or conversations.</text>
    <sha1>72ccdbecfd4de62cd8ab666bfeb2134823eb5632</sha1>
  </revision>
  <revision>
    <id>57</id>
    <parentid>56</parentid>
    <timestamp>2023-10-21T23:49:08Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="4694" xml:space="preserve">1. Follow the Golden Rule — treat others how you wish to be treated.&lt;br&gt;

2. Always cite your sources using footnotes. If your information derives from your own observations or experimentation, place a footnote(e.g. [1] or [2]) after that information and clarify in the "Sources and Footnotes" section that "This information was derived from the personal observations of [your username]." If you fail to cite your sources, I will have to remove the information until you provide a citation. Citations should include(whenever available) the surname and first initial of the author(s)(e.g. Linneaus, C.), the date(year, month, day format(e.g. 1982, January 4) the source was published, the publisher or host website of the source(e.g. iNaturalist or Bugguide), the book title(if a book), the article title(if an article), and the URL(if available digitally).&lt;br&gt;

3. Do not, under any circumstance, use AI such as ChatGPT to generate images, retrieve information, or write articles. Not only is AI-generated writing off-putting and vague, AI often provides completely false information, especially regarding taxonomy and entomology. Nonetheless, using it for writing advice or proofreading is acceptable as long as it is in your own words. [[User:StFrancisII|I]] use ChatGPT for fun and I, and likely many others, can immediately tell whether something has been written by an AI. If I catch you using AI to either fabricate information or create images, articles, or large(&gt;100 words) portions of text, you will be permanently banned from editing or creating articles unless you can absolutely prove beyond a doubt that the content was human-created.&lt;br&gt;

4. Keep all articles and text on-topic and related to insects. What '''is''' on-topic:&lt;br&gt;
* A list of insect species whose larvae feed on x plant&lt;br&gt;
* A species of wasp&lt;br&gt;
* A list of predatory wasp species&lt;br&gt;
* A list of insects that were described by Carl Linneaus.&lt;br&gt;
What is '''not''' on-topic:&lt;br&gt;
* 'Canis familiaris'(domestic dog)&lt;br&gt;
* A plant or fungus species if insects are not the main focus&lt;br&gt;
* Non-insect arthropods(such as springtails, spiders, or isopods)&lt;br&gt;
* Carl Linneaus himself&lt;br&gt;

5. No images of non-insect animals unless it serves to illustrate the contents of the article(for example, if an article concerns which insects are preyed upon by a black widow spider(''Latrodectus hesperus''), then adding a picture of the spider would be acceptable, but gratuitously putting a photograph of yourself or your dog into that article would not be acceptable). This rule does not apply to your user page or to talk pages.&lt;br&gt;

6. No porn '''anywhere''' on this wiki. I define "porn" as any non-artistic or non-medical media that, regardless of censorship:&lt;br&gt;
*contains&lt;br&gt;
** mammalian genitalia of either sex&lt;br&gt;
** unclothed or scantily clad(e.g. pasties) female-presenting human breasts&lt;br&gt;
** human buttocks of either sex&lt;br&gt;
** human sexual intercourse in any form, regardless of the sexes of the parties involved
** suggestive or deliberately sexual posing or imagery(e.g. dry humping, stripping)
* or is clearly intended to elicit sexual arousal in the viewer orwith creator&lt;br&gt;
If you post porn, I will delete your profile page, delete the offending content, and permanently ban your IP address from this site with no chance to appeal. If you post CSAM, I will not only ban you but report your content to Cybertip.&lt;br&gt;

7. No hate. No homophobia, sexism, hatred based on religion, generalisations about either sex or about entire groups of people, racism, transphobia, or ableism. No hate symbols. Punishment will be made at administrators' discretion.&lt;br&gt;

8. Do not bring politics or religion into unrelated discussions or conversations.&lt;br&gt;

9. Do not support, rationalise, or justify illegal or reprehensible behaviours or viewpoints, including, but not limited to:
* rape
* paedophilia/hebephilia/ephebophilia
* genocide
* murder
* statutory rape
* child molestation
* human trafficking
* lynching
* necrophilia
* sexual slavery&lt;br&gt;

10. While scepticism is the reason why science as a field exists, do not outright deny, without reasonable, empirical evidence, conclusions or theories that have empirical, properly conducted, peer-reviewed evidence to corroborate them. Do not use politics, religion, or conspiracy theories to deny scientific evidence or bolster your viewpoint.&lt;br&gt;

11. As this is a science-related entomological wiki, evolution and evolutionary biology will be used to explain the characteristics and anatomy of all insects. While it is OK to have religious beliefs, promoting creationism or other scientifically unsound theories in articles or serious discussions is prohibited.</text>
    <sha1>0d042ecd610b44e0822863cdfe624a02a1537311</sha1>
  </revision>
  <revision>
    <id>58</id>
    <parentid>57</parentid>
    <timestamp>2023-10-21T23:52:20Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="4767" xml:space="preserve">1. Follow the Golden Rule — treat others how you wish to be treated.&lt;br&gt;

2. Always cite your sources using footnotes. If your information derives from your own observations or experimentation, place a footnote(e.g. [1] or [2]) after that information and clarify in the "Sources and Footnotes" section that "This information was derived from the personal observations of [your username]." If you fail to cite your sources, I will have to remove the information until you provide a citation. Citations should include(whenever available) the surname and first initial of the author(s)(e.g. Linneaus, C.), the date(year, month, day format(e.g. 1982, January 4) the source was published, the publisher or host website of the source(e.g. iNaturalist or Bugguide), the book title(if a book), the article title(if an article), and the URL(if available digitally).&lt;br&gt;

3. Do not, under any circumstance, use AI such as ChatGPT to generate images, retrieve information, or write articles. Not only is AI-generated writing off-putting and vague, AI often provides completely false information, especially regarding taxonomy and entomology. Nonetheless, using it for writing advice or proofreading is acceptable as long as it is in your own words. [[User:StFrancisII|I]] use ChatGPT for fun and I, and likely many others, can immediately tell whether something has been written by an AI. If I catch you using AI to either fabricate information or create images, articles, or large(&gt;100 words) portions of text, you will be permanently banned from editing or creating articles unless you can absolutely prove beyond a doubt that the content was human-created.&lt;br&gt;

4. Keep all articles and text on-topic and related to insects. What '''is''' on-topic:&lt;br&gt;
* A list of insect species whose larvae feed on x plant&lt;br&gt;
* A species of wasp&lt;br&gt;
* A list of predatory wasp species&lt;br&gt;
* A list of insects that were described by Carl Linneaus.&lt;br&gt;
What is '''not''' on-topic:&lt;br&gt;
* 'Canis familiaris'(domestic dog)&lt;br&gt;
* A plant or fungus species if insects are not the main focus&lt;br&gt;
* Non-insect arthropods(such as springtails, spiders, or isopods)&lt;br&gt;
* Carl Linneaus himself&lt;br&gt;

5. No images of non-insect animals unless it serves to illustrate the contents of the article(for example, if an article concerns which insects are preyed upon by a black widow spider(''Latrodectus hesperus''), then adding a picture of the spider would be acceptable, but gratuitously putting a photograph of yourself or your dog into that article would not be acceptable). This rule does not apply to your user page or to talk pages.&lt;br&gt;

6. No porn '''anywhere''' on this wiki. I define "porn" as any non-artistic or non-medical media that, regardless of censorship:&lt;br&gt;
*contains&lt;br&gt;
** mammalian genitalia of either sex&lt;br&gt;
** unclothed or scantily clad(e.g. pasties) female-presenting human breasts&lt;br&gt;
** human buttocks of either sex&lt;br&gt;
** human sexual intercourse in any form, regardless of the sexes of the parties involved
** suggestive or deliberately sexual posing or imagery(e.g. dry humping, stripping)
* or is clearly intended to elicit sexual arousal in the viewer orwith creator&lt;br&gt;
If you post porn, I will delete your profile page, delete the offending content, and permanently ban your IP address from this site with no chance to appeal. If you post CSAM, I will not only ban you but report your content to Cybertip.&lt;br&gt;

7. No hate. No homophobia, sexism, hatred based on religion, generalisations about either sex or about entire groups of people, racism, transphobia, or ableism. No hate symbols. Punishment will be made at administrators' discretion.&lt;br&gt;

8. Do not bring politics or religion into unrelated discussions or conversations.&lt;br&gt;

9. Do not support, rationalise, or justify illegal or reprehensible behaviours or viewpoints, including, but not limited to:
* rape
* paedophilia/hebephilia/ephebophilia
* genocide
* murder
* statutory rape
* child molestation
* human trafficking
* lynching
* necrophilia
* sexual slavery&lt;br&gt;

10. While scepticism is the reason why science as a field exists, do not outright deny, without reasonable, empirical evidence, conclusions or theories that have empirical, properly conducted, peer-reviewed evidence to corroborate them. Do not use politics, religion, or conspiracy theories to deny scientific evidence or bolster your viewpoint.&lt;br&gt;

11. As this is a science-related entomological wiki, evolution and evolutionary biology will be used to explain the characteristics and anatomy of all insects. While it is OK to have religious beliefs, promoting creationism or other scientifically unsound theories in articles or serious discussions is prohibited.&lt;br&gt;

12. Do not give out medical advice. This is a wiki, not a hospital.</text>
    <sha1>801a591506d036b0c4360a384803f9eb69ab2c65</sha1>
  </revision>
  <revision>
    <id>63</id>
    <parentid>58</parentid>
    <timestamp>2023-10-23T03:05:28Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="4927" xml:space="preserve">1. Follow the Golden Rule — treat others how you wish to be treated.&lt;br&gt;

2. Always cite your sources using footnotes. If your information derives from your own observations or experimentation, place a footnote(e.g. [1] or [2]) after that information and clarify in the "Sources and Footnotes" section that "This information was derived from the personal observations of [your username]." If you fail to cite your sources, I will have to remove the information until you provide a citation. Citations should include(whenever available) the surname and first initial of the author(s)(e.g. Linneaus, C.), the date(year, month, day format(e.g. 1982, January 4) the source was published, the publisher or host website of the source(e.g. iNaturalist or Bugguide), the book title(if a book), the article title(if an article), and the URL(if available digitally).&lt;br&gt;
b. If you are using information you yourself produced, provide evidence that you yourself recorded(such as photographs, videos, scientific papers, audio, etc.)

3. Do not, under any circumstance, use AI such as ChatGPT to generate images, retrieve information, or write articles. Not only is AI-generated writing off-putting and vague, AI often provides completely false information, especially regarding taxonomy and entomology. Nonetheless, using it for writing advice or proofreading is acceptable as long as it is in your own words. [[User:StFrancisII|I]] use ChatGPT for fun and I, and likely many others, can immediately tell whether something has been written by an AI. If I catch you using AI to either fabricate information or create images, articles, or large(&gt;100 words) portions of text, you will be permanently banned from editing or creating articles unless you can absolutely prove beyond a doubt that the content was human-created.&lt;br&gt;

4. Keep all articles and text on-topic and related to insects. What '''is''' on-topic:&lt;br&gt;
* A list of insect species whose larvae feed on x plant&lt;br&gt;
* A species of wasp&lt;br&gt;
* A list of predatory wasp species&lt;br&gt;
* A list of insects that were described by Carl Linneaus.&lt;br&gt;
What is '''not''' on-topic:&lt;br&gt;
* 'Canis familiaris'(domestic dog)&lt;br&gt;
* A plant or fungus species if insects are not the main focus&lt;br&gt;
* Non-insect arthropods(such as springtails, spiders, or isopods)&lt;br&gt;
* Carl Linneaus himself&lt;br&gt;

5. No images of non-insect animals unless it serves to illustrate the contents of the article(for example, if an article concerns which insects are preyed upon by a black widow spider(''Latrodectus hesperus''), then adding a picture of the spider would be acceptable, but gratuitously putting a photograph of yourself or your dog into that article would not be acceptable). This rule does not apply to your user page or to talk pages.&lt;br&gt;

6. No porn '''anywhere''' on this wiki. I define "porn" as any non-artistic or non-medical media that, regardless of censorship:&lt;br&gt;
*contains&lt;br&gt;
** mammalian genitalia of either sex&lt;br&gt;
** unclothed or scantily clad(e.g. pasties) female-presenting human breasts&lt;br&gt;
** human buttocks of either sex&lt;br&gt;
** human sexual intercourse in any form, regardless of the sexes of the parties involved
** suggestive or deliberately sexual posing or imagery(e.g. dry humping, stripping)
* or is clearly intended to elicit sexual arousal in the viewer orwith creator&lt;br&gt;
If you post porn, I will delete your profile page, delete the offending content, and permanently ban your IP address from this site with no chance to appeal. If you post CSAM, I will not only ban you but report your content to Cybertip.&lt;br&gt;

7. No hate. No homophobia, sexism, hatred based on religion, generalisations about either sex or about entire groups of people, racism, transphobia, or ableism. No hate symbols. Punishment will be made at administrators' discretion.&lt;br&gt;

8. Do not bring politics or religion into unrelated discussions or conversations.&lt;br&gt;

9. Do not support, rationalise, or justify illegal or reprehensible behaviours or viewpoints, including, but not limited to:
* rape
* paedophilia/hebephilia/ephebophilia
* genocide
* murder
* statutory rape
* child molestation
* human trafficking
* lynching
* necrophilia
* sexual slavery&lt;br&gt;

10. While scepticism is the reason why science as a field exists, do not outright deny, without reasonable, empirical evidence, conclusions or theories that have empirical, properly conducted, peer-reviewed evidence to corroborate them. Do not use politics, religion, or conspiracy theories to deny scientific evidence or bolster your viewpoint.&lt;br&gt;

11. As this is a science-related entomological wiki, evolution and evolutionary biology will be used to explain the characteristics and anatomy of all insects. While it is OK to have religious beliefs, promoting creationism or other scientifically unsound theories in articles or serious discussions is prohibited.&lt;br&gt;

12. Do not give out medical advice. This is a wiki, not a hospital.</text>
    <sha1>cf6a70fcdcd898871a99250184902b00ab1240a5</sha1>
  </revision>
  <revision>
    <id>71</id>
    <parentid>63</parentid>
    <timestamp>2023-10-24T22:24:01Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="4856" xml:space="preserve">1. Follow the Golden Rule — treat others how you wish to be treated.&lt;br&gt;

2. Always cite your sources using footnotes. If your information derives from your own observations or experimentation, place a footnote(e.g. [1] or [2]) after that information and clarify in the "Sources and Footnotes" section that "This information was derived from the personal observations of [your username]." If you fail to cite your sources, I will have to remove the information until you provide a citation. Citations should include(whenever available) the surname and first initial of the author(s)(e.g. Linneaus, C.), the date(year, month, day format(e.g. 1982, January 4) the source was published, the publisher or host website of the source(e.g. iNaturalist or Bugguide), the book title(if a book), the article title(if an article), and the URL(if available digitally).&lt;br&gt;
b. If you are using information you yourself produced, provide evidence that you yourself recorded(such as photographs, videos, scientific papers, audio, etc.)

3. Do not, under any circumstance, use AI such as ChatGPT to generate images, retrieve information, or write articles. Not only is AI-generated writing off-putting and vague, AI often provides completely false information, especially regarding taxonomy and entomology. Nonetheless, using it for writing advice or proofreading is acceptable as long as it is in your own words. [[User:StFrancisII|I]] use ChatGPT for fun and I, and likely many others, can immediately tell whether something has been written by an AI. If I catch you using AI to either fabricate information or create images, articles, or large(&gt;100 words) portions of text, you will be permanently banned from editing or creating articles unless you can absolutely prove beyond a doubt that the content was human-created.&lt;br&gt;

4. Keep all articles and text on-topic and related to insects. What '''is''' on-topic:&lt;br&gt;
* A list of insect species whose larvae feed on x plant&lt;br&gt;
* A species of wasp&lt;br&gt;
* A list of predatory wasp species&lt;br&gt;
* A list of insects that were described by Carl Linneaus.&lt;br&gt;
What is '''not''' on-topic:&lt;br&gt;
* 'Canis familiaris'(domestic dog)&lt;br&gt;
* A plant or fungus species if insects are not the main focus&lt;br&gt;
* Non-insect arthropods(such as springtails, spiders, or isopods)&lt;br&gt;
* Carl Linneaus himself&lt;br&gt;

5. No images of non-insect animals unless it serves to illustrate the contents of the article(for example, if an article concerns which insects are preyed upon by a black widow spider(''Latrodectus hesperus''), then adding a picture of the spider would be acceptable, but gratuitously putting a photograph of yourself or your dog into that article would not be acceptable). This rule does not apply to your user page or to talk pages.&lt;br&gt;

6. No porn '''anywhere''' on this wiki. I define "porn" as any non-artistic or non-medical media that, regardless of censorship:&lt;br&gt;
*contains&lt;br&gt;
** mammalian genitalia of either sex&lt;br&gt;
** unclothed or scantily clad(e.g. pasties) female-presenting human breasts&lt;br&gt;
** human buttocks of either sex&lt;br&gt;
** human sexual intercourse in any form, regardless of the sexes of the parties involved
** suggestive or deliberately sexual posing or imagery(e.g. dry humping, stripping)
* or is clearly intended to elicit sexual arousal in the viewer orwith creator&lt;br&gt;
If you post porn, I will delete your profile page, delete the offending content, and permanently ban your IP address from this site with no chance to appeal. If you post CSAM, I will not only ban you but report your content to Cybertip.&lt;br&gt;

7. No hate. No homophobia, sexism, hatred based on religion, generalisations about either sex or about entire groups of people, racism, transphobia, or ableism. No hate symbols. Punishment will be made at administrators' discretion.&lt;br&gt;

8. Do not bring politics or religion into unrelated discussions or conversations.&lt;br&gt;

9. Do not support, rationalise, or justify illegal or reprehensible behaviours or viewpoints, including, but not limited to:
* rape
* paedophilia/hebephilia/ephebophilia
* genocide
* murder
* statutory rape
* child molestation
* human trafficking
* lynching
* necrophilia
* sexual slavery&lt;br&gt;

10. While scepticism is the reason why science as a field exists, do not outright deny, without reasonable, empirical evidence, conclusions or theories that have empirical, properly conducted, peer-reviewed evidence to corroborate them. Do not use politics, religion, or conspiracy theories to deny scientific evidence or bolster your viewpoint.&lt;br&gt;

11. As this is a science-related entomological wiki, evolution and evolutionary biology will be used to explain the characteristics and anatomy of all insects. Do not promote creationism or other anti-evolution standpoints and fringe theories.&lt;br&gt;

12. Do not give out medical advice. This is a wiki, not a hospital.</text>
    <sha1>a3c216ff49254a8f7f437652b4971b3dce90da3b</sha1>
  </revision>
</page>
<page arvcontinue="20231021193715|51">
  <title>Style guide</title>
  <ns>0</ns>
  <id>9</id>
  <revision>
    <id>59</id>
    <timestamp>2023-10-21T23:59:12Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <comment>Created page with "== Language norms == == Scientific names == == Standardised units ==  == Date and time == Use (yyyy-mm-dd hh-mm-ss) formatting. On 2023, October 21st, when it is 3:30 in the afternoon and 20 extra seconds have passed since the minute hit 30, say (2023-10-21 15:30:20). == Names and titles of individuals =="</comment>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="306" xml:space="preserve">== Language norms ==
== Scientific names ==
== Standardised units ==

== Date and time ==
Use (yyyy-mm-dd hh-mm-ss) formatting. On 2023, October 21st, when it is 3:30 in the afternoon and 20 extra seconds have passed since the minute hit 30, say (2023-10-21 15:30:20).
== Names and titles of individuals ==</text>
    <sha1>ce10282f0be737d4e827142be20e4177823e46f3</sha1>
  </revision>
  <revision>
    <id>60</id>
    <parentid>59</parentid>
    <timestamp>2023-10-22T05:10:57Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <comment>/* Date and time */</comment>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="398" xml:space="preserve">== Language norms ==
== Scientific names ==
== Standardised units ==

== Date and time ==
Use (yyyy-mm-dd hh-mm-ss) formatting. When it is 2023, October 21st, when it is 3:30 in the afternoon and 20 extra seconds have passed since the minute hit 30, write (2023-10-21 15:30:20).&lt;br&gt;

'''Incorrect:'''
10/22/2022 1:30 PM&lt;br&gt;

'''Correct:'''
2022-10-22 13:30:00

== Names and titles of individuals ==</text>
    <sha1>4eced7709686d9086d83b5d36170b7f392456170</sha1>
  </revision>
  <revision>
    <id>61</id>
    <parentid>60</parentid>
    <timestamp>2023-10-22T05:14:14Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <comment>/* Standardised units */</comment>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="811" xml:space="preserve">== Language norms ==
== Scientific names ==
== Standardised units ==
Use the metric system(mL, L, mm, cm, m, km, kg, g, mg, et cetera). For dimensions that are less that 1 cm, use mm instead. For dimensions that exceed 1 cm, use decimals. For volumes that are lower than 1 L, use mL. In more abstract terms, when the measurement for the larger unit(g to mg, L to mL, cm to mm, et cetera) exceeds 1, use the larger unit; when the measurement does not exceed 1, use the smaller unit.

== Date and time ==
Use (yyyy-mm-dd hh-mm-ss) formatting. When it is 2023, October 21st, when it is 3:30 in the afternoon and 20 extra seconds have passed since the minute hit 30, write (2023-10-21 15:30:20).&lt;br&gt;

'''Incorrect:'''
10/22/2022 1:30 PM&lt;br&gt;

'''Correct:'''
2022-10-22 13:30:00

== Names and titles of individuals ==</text>
    <sha1>9dbbb003f53916b40cf9be2b59c3481339a98d62</sha1>
  </revision>
  <revision>
    <id>62</id>
    <parentid>61</parentid>
    <timestamp>2023-10-22T05:17:33Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <comment>/* Standardised units */</comment>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="1039" xml:space="preserve">== Language norms ==
== Scientific names ==
== Standardised units ==
Use the metric system(mL, L, mm, cm, m, km, kg, g, mg, et cetera). For dimensions that are less that 1 cm, use mm instead. For dimensions that exceed 1 cm, use decimals. For volumes that are lower than 1 L, use mL. In more abstract terms, when the measurement for the larger unit(g to mg, L to mL, cm to mm, et cetera) exceeds 1, use the larger unit; when the measurement does not exceed 1, use the smaller unit. Use Celsius for normal temperatures(e.g. for the ideal temperature to rear butterflies), and Kelvin for temperatures that(according to your own judgement) are so high or low that expressing them in Celsius would be impractical.

== Date and time ==
Use (yyyy-mm-dd hh-mm-ss) formatting. When it is 2023, October 21st, when it is 3:30 in the afternoon and 20 extra seconds have passed since the minute hit 30, write (2023-10-21 15:30:20).&lt;br&gt;

'''Incorrect:'''
10/22/2022 1:30 PM&lt;br&gt;

'''Correct:'''
2022-10-22 13:30:00

== Names and titles of individuals ==</text>
    <sha1>5b95bf2fbbbbde5cbc60f1dfbeb4e3d6c1c9d300</sha1>
  </revision>
  <revision>
    <id>82</id>
    <parentid>62</parentid>
    <timestamp>2023-10-26T02:30:28Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <comment>/* Names and titles of individuals */</comment>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="1844" xml:space="preserve">== Language norms ==
== Scientific names ==
== Standardised units ==
Use the metric system(mL, L, mm, cm, m, km, kg, g, mg, et cetera). For dimensions that are less that 1 cm, use mm instead. For dimensions that exceed 1 cm, use decimals. For volumes that are lower than 1 L, use mL. In more abstract terms, when the measurement for the larger unit(g to mg, L to mL, cm to mm, et cetera) exceeds 1, use the larger unit; when the measurement does not exceed 1, use the smaller unit. Use Celsius for normal temperatures(e.g. for the ideal temperature to rear butterflies), and Kelvin for temperatures that(according to your own judgement) are so high or low that expressing them in Celsius would be impractical.

== Date and time ==
Use (yyyy-mm-dd hh-mm-ss) formatting. When it is 2023, October 21st, when it is 3:30 in the afternoon and 20 extra seconds have passed since the minute hit 30, write (2023-10-21 15:30:20).&lt;br&gt;

'''Incorrect:'''
10/22/2022 1:30 PM&lt;br&gt;

'''Correct:'''
2022-10-22 13:30:00

== Names and titles of individuals ==
As a rule of thumb, refer to individuals by the name they are best known as. If an individual assumes a different name from what they are best known as, clarify upon and only in the first mention of the person with "AssumedName(formerly known as (Othername))" if they have completely renounced their original name or "AssumedName(better known as (Othername))" if they still use both names. For transgender individuals, individuals whose names are withheld due to legal or safety concerns, minors(according to the federal law in their country of residence), and users of this wiki, '''do not''' publish or state their names unless they have willingly disclosed them. For titles such as "Sir", "Dr.", and "IV", use them only at the first mention of the title holder, and afterward only when it is relevant.</text>
    <sha1>c8eeb54a06c412d3b1fb0e9c34881f0509a1d6a4</sha1>
  </revision>
  <revision>
    <id>83</id>
    <parentid>82</parentid>
    <timestamp>2023-10-26T02:34:43Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <comment>/* Names and titles of individuals */</comment>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="1935" xml:space="preserve">== Language norms ==
== Scientific names ==
== Standardised units ==
Use the metric system(mL, L, mm, cm, m, km, kg, g, mg, et cetera). For dimensions that are less that 1 cm, use mm instead. For dimensions that exceed 1 cm, use decimals. For volumes that are lower than 1 L, use mL. In more abstract terms, when the measurement for the larger unit(g to mg, L to mL, cm to mm, et cetera) exceeds 1, use the larger unit; when the measurement does not exceed 1, use the smaller unit. Use Celsius for normal temperatures(e.g. for the ideal temperature to rear butterflies), and Kelvin for temperatures that(according to your own judgement) are so high or low that expressing them in Celsius would be impractical.

== Date and time ==
Use (yyyy-mm-dd hh-mm-ss) formatting. When it is 2023, October 21st, when it is 3:30 in the afternoon and 20 extra seconds have passed since the minute hit 30, write (2023-10-21 15:30:20).&lt;br&gt;

'''Incorrect:'''
10/22/2022 1:30 PM&lt;br&gt;

'''Correct:'''
2022-10-22 13:30:00

== Names and titles of individuals ==
As a rule of thumb, refer to individuals by the name they are best known as. If an individual assumes a different name from what they are best known as, clarify upon and only in the first mention of the person with "AssumedName(formerly known as (Othername))" if they have completely renounced their original name or "AssumedName(better known as (Othername))" if they still use both names. For living transgender individuals, living individuals whose names are withheld due to legal or safety concerns, living minors(if they are not legal adults in their country of residence), and users of this wiki, '''do not''' publish or state their birth or legal names unless they have willingly disclosed them, or unless they are easily searchable under their name. For titles such as "Sir", "Dr.", and "IV", use them only at the first mention of the title holder, and afterward only when it is relevant.</text>
    <sha1>15fd7f7941115e44829b5699c40e0d402d842edb</sha1>
  </revision>
  <revision>
    <id>84</id>
    <parentid>83</parentid>
    <timestamp>2023-10-26T02:37:39Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <comment>/* Scientific names */</comment>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="2202" xml:space="preserve">== Language norms ==
== Scientific names ==
Italicise scientific names using double apostrophes (') like this: &lt;nowiki&gt;''Automeris io&lt;/nowiki&gt;. Always capitalise the first letter of the genus name(in this case, ''Automeris'') and ensure that the specific epithet(in this case, ''io'') is completely lowercase.

== Standardised units ==
Use the metric system(mL, L, mm, cm, m, km, kg, g, mg, et cetera). For dimensions that are less that 1 cm, use mm instead. For dimensions that exceed 1 cm, use decimals. For volumes that are lower than 1 L, use mL. In more abstract terms, when the measurement for the larger unit(g to mg, L to mL, cm to mm, et cetera) exceeds 1, use the larger unit; when the measurement does not exceed 1, use the smaller unit. Use Celsius for normal temperatures(e.g. for the ideal temperature to rear butterflies), and Kelvin for temperatures that(according to your own judgement) are so high or low that expressing them in Celsius would be impractical.

== Date and time ==
Use (yyyy-mm-dd hh-mm-ss) formatting. When it is 2023, October 21st, when it is 3:30 in the afternoon and 20 extra seconds have passed since the minute hit 30, write (2023-10-21 15:30:20).&lt;br&gt;

'''Incorrect:'''
10/22/2022 1:30 PM&lt;br&gt;

'''Correct:'''
2022-10-22 13:30:00

== Names and titles of individuals ==
As a rule of thumb, refer to individuals by the name they are best known as. If an individual assumes a different name from what they are best known as, clarify upon and only in the first mention of the person with "AssumedName(formerly known as (Othername))" if they have completely renounced their original name or "AssumedName(better known as (Othername))" if they still use both names. For living transgender individuals, living individuals whose names are withheld due to legal or safety concerns, living minors(if they are not legal adults in their country of residence), and users of this wiki, '''do not''' publish or state their birth or legal names unless they have willingly disclosed them, or unless they are easily searchable under their name. For titles such as "Sir", "Dr.", and "IV", use them only at the first mention of the title holder, and afterward only when it is relevant.</text>
    <sha1>057de6b4a77ae32e66ff828f2f9a7cee762b83ea</sha1>
  </revision>
  <revision>
    <id>85</id>
    <parentid>84</parentid>
    <timestamp>2023-10-26T02:38:06Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="2204" xml:space="preserve">== Language norms ==
== Scientific names ==
Italicise scientific names using double apostrophes (') like this: &lt;nowiki&gt;''Automeris io''&lt;/nowiki&gt;. Always capitalise the first letter of the genus name(in this case, ''Automeris'') and ensure that the specific epithet(in this case, ''io'') is completely lowercase.

== Standardised units ==
Use the metric system(mL, L, mm, cm, m, km, kg, g, mg, et cetera). For dimensions that are less that 1 cm, use mm instead. For dimensions that exceed 1 cm, use decimals. For volumes that are lower than 1 L, use mL. In more abstract terms, when the measurement for the larger unit(g to mg, L to mL, cm to mm, et cetera) exceeds 1, use the larger unit; when the measurement does not exceed 1, use the smaller unit. Use Celsius for normal temperatures(e.g. for the ideal temperature to rear butterflies), and Kelvin for temperatures that(according to your own judgement) are so high or low that expressing them in Celsius would be impractical.

== Date and time ==
Use (yyyy-mm-dd hh-mm-ss) formatting. When it is 2023, October 21st, when it is 3:30 in the afternoon and 20 extra seconds have passed since the minute hit 30, write (2023-10-21 15:30:20).&lt;br&gt;

'''Incorrect:'''
10/22/2022 1:30 PM&lt;br&gt;

'''Correct:'''
2022-10-22 13:30:00

== Names and titles of individuals ==
As a rule of thumb, refer to individuals by the name they are best known as. If an individual assumes a different name from what they are best known as, clarify upon and only in the first mention of the person with "AssumedName(formerly known as (Othername))" if they have completely renounced their original name or "AssumedName(better known as (Othername))" if they still use both names. For living transgender individuals, living individuals whose names are withheld due to legal or safety concerns, living minors(if they are not legal adults in their country of residence), and users of this wiki, '''do not''' publish or state their birth or legal names unless they have willingly disclosed them, or unless they are easily searchable under their name. For titles such as "Sir", "Dr.", and "IV", use them only at the first mention of the title holder, and afterward only when it is relevant.</text>
    <sha1>038830d213bf032aaff93c6e6ab94fbf2431be1c</sha1>
  </revision>
  <revision>
    <id>86</id>
    <parentid>85</parentid>
    <timestamp>2023-10-26T02:39:03Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <comment>/* Scientific names */</comment>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="2256" xml:space="preserve">== Language norms ==
== Scientific names ==
Italicise scientific names using a pair of apostrophes(' ') around both sides of the entire scientific name like this: &lt;nowiki&gt;''Automeris io''&lt;/nowiki&gt;. Always capitalise the first letter of the genus name(in this case, ''Automeris'') and ensure that the specific epithet(in this case, ''io'') is completely lowercase.

== Standardised units ==
Use the metric system(mL, L, mm, cm, m, km, kg, g, mg, et cetera). For dimensions that are less that 1 cm, use mm instead. For dimensions that exceed 1 cm, use decimals. For volumes that are lower than 1 L, use mL. In more abstract terms, when the measurement for the larger unit(g to mg, L to mL, cm to mm, et cetera) exceeds 1, use the larger unit; when the measurement does not exceed 1, use the smaller unit. Use Celsius for normal temperatures(e.g. for the ideal temperature to rear butterflies), and Kelvin for temperatures that(according to your own judgement) are so high or low that expressing them in Celsius would be impractical.

== Date and time ==
Use (yyyy-mm-dd hh-mm-ss) formatting. When it is 2023, October 21st, when it is 3:30 in the afternoon and 20 extra seconds have passed since the minute hit 30, write (2023-10-21 15:30:20).&lt;br&gt;

'''Incorrect:'''
10/22/2022 1:30 PM&lt;br&gt;

'''Correct:'''
2022-10-22 13:30:00

== Names and titles of individuals ==
As a rule of thumb, refer to individuals by the name they are best known as. If an individual assumes a different name from what they are best known as, clarify upon and only in the first mention of the person with "AssumedName(formerly known as (Othername))" if they have completely renounced their original name or "AssumedName(better known as (Othername))" if they still use both names. For living transgender individuals, living individuals whose names are withheld due to legal or safety concerns, living minors(if they are not legal adults in their country of residence), and users of this wiki, '''do not''' publish or state their birth or legal names unless they have willingly disclosed them, or unless they are easily searchable under their name. For titles such as "Sir", "Dr.", and "IV", use them only at the first mention of the title holder, and afterward only when it is relevant.</text>
    <sha1>aa811b04fdc5c3b3e95729c4de93384f1ddf6887</sha1>
  </revision>
  <revision>
    <id>88</id>
    <parentid>86</parentid>
    <timestamp>2023-11-05T04:21:47Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <comment>/* Language norms */</comment>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="2340" xml:space="preserve">== Language norms ==
In general, use Commonwealth spellings(e.g. standardise, colour, realise, favour).

== Scientific names ==
Italicise scientific names using a pair of apostrophes(' ') around both sides of the entire scientific name like this: &lt;nowiki&gt;''Automeris io''&lt;/nowiki&gt;. Always capitalise the first letter of the genus name(in this case, ''Automeris'') and ensure that the specific epithet(in this case, ''io'') is completely lowercase.

== Standardised units ==
Use the metric system(mL, L, mm, cm, m, km, kg, g, mg, et cetera). For dimensions that are less that 1 cm, use mm instead. For dimensions that exceed 1 cm, use decimals. For volumes that are lower than 1 L, use mL. In more abstract terms, when the measurement for the larger unit(g to mg, L to mL, cm to mm, et cetera) exceeds 1, use the larger unit; when the measurement does not exceed 1, use the smaller unit. Use Celsius for normal temperatures(e.g. for the ideal temperature to rear butterflies), and Kelvin for temperatures that(according to your own judgement) are so high or low that expressing them in Celsius would be impractical.

== Date and time ==
Use (yyyy-mm-dd hh-mm-ss) formatting. When it is 2023, October 21st, when it is 3:30 in the afternoon and 20 extra seconds have passed since the minute hit 30, write (2023-10-21 15:30:20).&lt;br&gt;

'''Incorrect:'''
10/22/2022 1:30 PM&lt;br&gt;

'''Correct:'''
2022-10-22 13:30:00

== Names and titles of individuals ==
As a rule of thumb, refer to individuals by the name they are best known as. If an individual assumes a different name from what they are best known as, clarify upon and only in the first mention of the person with "AssumedName(formerly known as (Othername))" if they have completely renounced their original name or "AssumedName(better known as (Othername))" if they still use both names. For living transgender individuals, living individuals whose names are withheld due to legal or safety concerns, living minors(if they are not legal adults in their country of residence), and users of this wiki, '''do not''' publish or state their birth or legal names unless they have willingly disclosed them, or unless they are easily searchable under their name. For titles such as "Sir", "Dr.", and "IV", use them only at the first mention of the title holder, and afterward only when it is relevant.</text>
    <sha1>0c40ae771246c3c9d01d7ea284b55ed0591eb691</sha1>
  </revision>
  <revision>
    <id>89</id>
    <parentid>88</parentid>
    <timestamp>2023-11-05T04:25:26Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <comment>/* Standardised units */</comment>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="2574" xml:space="preserve">== Language norms ==
In general, use Commonwealth spellings(e.g. standardise, colour, realise, favour).

== Scientific names ==
Italicise scientific names using a pair of apostrophes(' ') around both sides of the entire scientific name like this: &lt;nowiki&gt;''Automeris io''&lt;/nowiki&gt;. Always capitalise the first letter of the genus name(in this case, ''Automeris'') and ensure that the specific epithet(in this case, ''io'') is completely lowercase.

== Standardised units ==
Use the metric system(mL, L, mm, cm, m, km, kg, g, mg, et cetera). For dimensions that are less that 1 cm, use mm instead. For dimensions that exceed 1 cm, use cm with decimals. For volumes that are lower than 1 L, use mL. In more abstract terms, when the measurement for the larger unit(g to mg, L to mL, cm to mm, et cetera) exceeds 1, use the larger unit; when the measurement does not exceed 1, use the smaller unit. Use Celsius for normal temperatures that a biologist may be expected to handle in their daily life(e.g. for the ideal temperature to rear butterflies), and Kelvin for temperatures that(according to your own judgement) are so high or low that expressing them in Celsius would be impractical. It is acceptable and, importantly, optional to put a conversion to imperial units in brackets after the metric unit; however, do not do this the other way around.

== Date and time ==
Use (yyyy-mm-dd hh-mm-ss) formatting. When it is 2023, October 21st, when it is 3:30 in the afternoon and 20 extra seconds have passed since the minute hit 30, write (2023-10-21 15:30:20).&lt;br&gt;

'''Incorrect:'''
10/22/2022 1:30 PM&lt;br&gt;

'''Correct:'''
2022-10-22 13:30:00

== Names and titles of individuals ==
As a rule of thumb, refer to individuals by the name they are best known as. If an individual assumes a different name from what they are best known as, clarify upon and only in the first mention of the person with "AssumedName(formerly known as (Othername))" if they have completely renounced their original name or "AssumedName(better known as (Othername))" if they still use both names. For living transgender individuals, living individuals whose names are withheld due to legal or safety concerns, living minors(if they are not legal adults in their country of residence), and users of this wiki, '''do not''' publish or state their birth or legal names unless they have willingly disclosed them, or unless they are easily searchable under their name. For titles such as "Sir", "Dr.", and "IV", use them only at the first mention of the title holder, and afterward only when it is relevant.</text>
    <sha1>6fd8e4ded21f6fb5c7edd8c450aa13ab14861013</sha1>
  </revision>
</page>
<page arvcontinue="20231021193715|51">
  <title>Insect</title>
  <ns>0</ns>
  <id>2</id>
  <revision>
    <id>64</id>
    <parentid>49</parentid>
    <timestamp>2023-10-24T05:13:43Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <comment>/* Ocelli */</comment>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="4604" xml:space="preserve">{{Template:Construction}}
An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.
[[File:Insect Collage.png|thumb|right|Insects from different orders. Clockwise: ''[[Pachypodistes angulata]]''([[Lepidoptera]]), ''[[Helophilus pendulus]]''([[Diptera]]), ''[[Orectognathus szentivanyi]]''([[Hymenoptera]]), ''[[Allacta sp.]]''([[Blattodea]])]]
= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[1]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[2].

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[3] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[4] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.[5]

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[6] &lt;br&gt;
Antennae have a variable number of segments and facilitate chemoreception(perception of chemical stimuli) and mechanoreception(perception of touch and motion)[7].

== Eye ==
===== Compound eye =====
Insects' compound eyes have a variable number of ommatidia — between few and thousands — that perceive light with a cornea, lens, eight photoreceptor cells, and some accessory structures[2]. The photoreceptors, oriented to receive light from different directions depending on the curvature of the eye and the ommatidia arrangement, form a "neural picture" based on the light they receive[2]. There are multiple variants of ommatidia, including, but not limited to: apposition, with optically isolated ommatidia; superposition, where the ommatidia are not optically isolated; and neural superposition, where the ommatidia are  optically isolated but due to neuronal arrangement produce partially summated pixels[2].

===== Ocelli =====
Ocelli are known also as simple eyes due to the fact that they comprise only a single lens and several sensory cells[8]. Rather than forming images, they are used to detect movement[8]. They are typically located on the top of an insect's head[9].

= Sources =
[1]: Winterton, S. (2009, November 30). "Scales and Setae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780123741448002381&lt;br&gt;
[2]: Weckstrom, M. (2014, June 24). ''Function of compound eye''. Scholarpedia. http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye&lt;br&gt;
[3]: ''Definition''.(n.d.). University of Florida. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[4]: ''Types of legs''. (2011, November 17). Indian Council of Agricultural Research. http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[5]: Ramdya, P. (2017, February 17). ''Climbing favours the tripod gate over alternative faster insect gaits''. Nature Communications. https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14494&lt;br&gt;
[6]: Hadley, D. (2019, October 01). ''The 13 Forms of Insect Antennae''. ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065&lt;br&gt;
[7]: Loudon, C. (2009). "Chapter 6 - Antennae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123741448000060</text>
    <sha1>56ee544b762c4ab3226b5bfd27de5fe7c8e24cca</sha1>
  </revision>
  <revision>
    <id>65</id>
    <parentid>64</parentid>
    <timestamp>2023-10-24T05:19:39Z</timestamp>
    <contributor>
      <username>StFrancisII</username>
      <id>2</id>
    </contributor>
    <comment>/* Sources */</comment>
    <model>wikitext</model>
    <format>text/x-wiki</format>
    <text bytes="4963" xml:space="preserve">{{Template:Construction}}
An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.
[[File:Insect Collage.png|thumb|right|Insects from different orders. Clockwise: ''[[Pachypodistes angulata]]''([[Lepidoptera]]), ''[[Helophilus pendulus]]''([[Diptera]]), ''[[Orectognathus szentivanyi]]''([[Hymenoptera]]), ''[[Allacta sp.]]''([[Blattodea]])]]
= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[1]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[2].

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[3] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[4] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.[5]

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[6] &lt;br&gt;
Antennae have a variable number of segments and facilitate chemoreception(perception of chemical stimuli) and mechanoreception(perception of touch and motion)[7].

== Eye ==
===== Compound eye =====
Insects' compound eyes have a variable number of ommatidia — between few and thousands — that perceive light with a cornea, lens, eight photoreceptor cells, and some accessory structures[2]. The photoreceptors, oriented to receive light from different directions depending on the curvature of the eye and the ommatidia arrangement, form a "neural picture" based on the light they receive[2]. There are multiple variants of ommatidia, including, but not limited to: apposition, with optically isolated ommatidia; superposition, where the ommatidia are not optically isolated; and neural superposition, where the ommatidia are  optically isolated but due to neuronal arrangement produce partially summated pixels[2].

===== Ocelli =====
Ocelli are known also as simple eyes due to the fact that they comprise only a single lens and several sensory cells[8]. Rather than forming images, they are used to detect movement[8]. They are typically located on the top of an insect's head[9].

= Sources =
[1]: Winterton, S. (2009, November 30). "Scales and Setae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780123741448002381&lt;br&gt;
[2]: Weckstrom, M. (2014, June 24). "Function of compound eye". Scholarpedia. Accessed on 2023, October 21. http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye&lt;br&gt;
[3]: "Definition".(n.d.). University of Florida. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[4]: "Types of legs". (2011, November 17). Indian Council of Agricultural Research. Accessed on 2023, October 21. http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[5]: Ramdya, P. (2017, February 17). "Climbing favours the tripod gate over alternative faster insect gaits". Nature Communications. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14494&lt;br&gt;
[6]: Hadley, D. (2019, October 01). "The 13 Forms of Insect Antennae". ThoughtCo. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065&lt;br&gt;
[7]: Loudon, C. (2009). "Chapter 6 - Antennae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123741448000060
[8]: "Ocelli - Entomologists' glossary". Amateur Entomologists' Society. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.amentsoc.org/insects/glossary/terms/ocelli/</text>
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An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.
[[File:Insect Collage.png|thumb|right|Insects from different orders. Clockwise: ''[[Pachypodistes angulata]]''([[Lepidoptera]]), ''[[Helophilus pendulus]]''([[Diptera]]), ''[[Orectognathus szentivanyi]]''([[Hymenoptera]]), ''[[Allacta sp.]]''([[Blattodea]])]]
= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[1]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[2].

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[3] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[4] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.[5]

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[6] &lt;br&gt;
Antennae have a variable number of segments and facilitate chemoreception(perception of chemical stimuli) and mechanoreception(perception of touch and motion)[7].

== Eye ==
===== Compound eye =====
Insects' compound eyes have a variable number of ommatidia — between few and thousands — that perceive light with a cornea, lens, eight photoreceptor cells, and some accessory structures[2]. The photoreceptors, oriented to receive light from different directions depending on the curvature of the eye and the ommatidia arrangement, form a "neural picture" based on the light they receive[2]. There are multiple variants of ommatidia, including, but not limited to: apposition, with optically isolated ommatidia; superposition, where the ommatidia are not optically isolated; and neural superposition, where the ommatidia are  optically isolated but due to neuronal arrangement produce partially summated pixels[2].

===== Ocelli =====
Ocelli are known also as simple eyes due to the fact that they comprise only a single lens and several sensory cells[8]. Rather than forming images, they are used to detect movement[8]. They are typically located on the top of an insect's head[9].

= Sources =
[1]: Winterton, S. (2009, November 30). "Scales and Setae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780123741448002381&lt;br&gt;
[2]: Weckstrom, M. (2014, June 24). "Function of compound eye". Scholarpedia. Accessed on 2023, October 21. http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye&lt;br&gt;
[3]: "Definition".(n.d.). University of Florida. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[4]: "Types of legs". (2011, November 17). Indian Council of Agricultural Research. Accessed on 2023, October 21. http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[5]: Ramdya, P. (2017, February 17). "Climbing favours the tripod gate over alternative faster insect gaits". Nature Communications. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14494&lt;br&gt;
[6]: Hadley, D. (2019, October 01). "The 13 Forms of Insect Antennae". ThoughtCo. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065&lt;br&gt;
[7]: Loudon, C. (2009). "Chapter 6 - Antennae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123741448000060&lt;br&gt;
[8]: "Ocelli - Entomologists' glossary". Amateur Entomologists' Society. Accessed on 2023, October 23. https://www.amentsoc.org/insects/glossary/terms/ocelli/&lt;br&gt;
[9]: Cotinis. (2007). "ocellus, ocelli, (anocellate)". Bugguide. Accessed on 2023, October 23. https://bugguide.net/node/view/111296</text>
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An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.
[[File:Insect Collage.png|thumb|right|Insects from different orders. Clockwise: ''[[Pachypodistes angulata]]''([[Lepidoptera]]), ''[[Helophilus pendulus]]''([[Diptera]]), ''[[Orectognathus szentivanyi]]''([[Hymenoptera]]), ''[[Allacta sp.]]''([[Blattodea]])]]
= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[1]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[2].

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[3] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[4] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.[5]

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[6] &lt;br&gt;
Antennae have a variable number of segments and facilitate chemoreception(perception of chemical stimuli) and mechanoreception(perception of touch and motion)[7].

== Eye ==
===== Compound eye =====
Insects' compound eyes have a variable number of ommatidia — between few and thousands — that perceive light with a cornea, lens, eight photoreceptor cells, and some accessory structures[2]. The photoreceptors, oriented to receive light from different directions depending on the curvature of the eye and the ommatidia arrangement, form a "neural picture" based on the light they receive[2]. There are multiple variants of ommatidia, including, but not limited to: apposition, with optically isolated ommatidia; superposition, where the ommatidia are not optically isolated; and neural superposition, where the ommatidia are  optically isolated but due to neuronal arrangement produce partially summated pixels[2].

===== Ocelli =====
Ocelli are known also as simple eyes due to the fact that they comprise only a single lens and several sensory cells[8]. Rather than forming images, they are used to detect movement[8]. Three are found on the tops of most holometabolous insects' heads, and usually are arranged in a triangular pattern[9]. Larval forms of holometabolous insects genenally have stemmata on the sides of the head[9]. Most [[Lepidoptera]] lack ocelli and are therefore anocellate[9].

= Sources =
[1]: Winterton, S. (2009, November 30). "Scales and Setae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780123741448002381&lt;br&gt;
[2]: Weckstrom, M. (2014, June 24). "Function of compound eye". Scholarpedia. Accessed on 2023, October 21. http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye&lt;br&gt;
[3]: "Definition".(n.d.). University of Florida. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[4]: "Types of legs". (2011, November 17). Indian Council of Agricultural Research. Accessed on 2023, October 21. http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[5]: Ramdya, P. (2017, February 17). "Climbing favours the tripod gate over alternative faster insect gaits". Nature Communications. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14494&lt;br&gt;
[6]: Hadley, D. (2019, October 01). "The 13 Forms of Insect Antennae". ThoughtCo. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065&lt;br&gt;
[7]: Loudon, C. (2009). "Chapter 6 - Antennae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123741448000060&lt;br&gt;
[8]: "Ocelli - Entomologists' glossary". Amateur Entomologists' Society. Accessed on 2023, October 23. https://www.amentsoc.org/insects/glossary/terms/ocelli/&lt;br&gt;
[9]: Cotinis. (2007). "ocellus, ocelli, (anocellate)". Bugguide. Accessed on 2023, October 23. https://bugguide.net/node/view/111296</text>
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An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.
[[File:Insect Collage.png|thumb|right|Insects from different orders. Clockwise: ''[[Pachypodistes angulata]]''([[Lepidoptera]]), ''[[Helophilus pendulus]]''([[Diptera]]), ''[[Orectognathus szentivanyi]]''([[Hymenoptera]]), ''[[Allacta sp.]]''([[Blattodea]])]]
= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[1]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[2].

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[3] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[4] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.[5]

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[6] &lt;br&gt;
Antennae have a variable number of segments and facilitate chemoreception(perception of chemical stimuli) and mechanoreception(perception of touch and motion)[7].

== Eye ==
===== Compound eye =====
Insects' compound eyes have a variable number of ommatidia — between few and thousands — that perceive light with a cornea, lens, eight photoreceptor cells, and some accessory structures[2]. The photoreceptors, oriented to receive light from different directions depending on the curvature of the eye and the ommatidia arrangement, form a "neural picture" based on the light they receive[2]. There are multiple variants of ommatidia, including, but not limited to: apposition, with optically isolated ommatidia; superposition, where the ommatidia are not optically isolated; and neural superposition, where the ommatidia are  optically isolated but due to neuronal arrangement produce partially summated pixels[2].

===== Ocelli =====
Ocelli are known also as simple eyes due to the fact that they comprise only a single lens and several sensory cells[8]. Rather than forming images, they are used to detect movement[8]. Three are found on the tops of most holometabolous insects' heads, and usually are arranged in a triangular pattern[9]. Larval forms of holometabolous insects genenally have stemmata on the sides of the head[9]. Stemmata, which resemble ommatidia, perceive movement, direction, and distance, and are replaced during metamorphosis by compound eyes[10]. Most [[Lepidoptera]] lack ocelli and are therefore anocellate[9].

= Sources =
[1]: Winterton, S. (2009, November 30). "Scales and Setae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780123741448002381&lt;br&gt;
[2]: Weckstrom, M. (2014, June 24). "Function of compound eye". Scholarpedia. Accessed on 2023, October 21. http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye&lt;br&gt;
[3]: "Definition".(n.d.). University of Florida. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[4]: "Types of legs". (2011, November 17). Indian Council of Agricultural Research. Accessed on 2023, October 21. http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[5]: Ramdya, P. (2017, February 17). "Climbing favours the tripod gate over alternative faster insect gaits". Nature Communications. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14494&lt;br&gt;
[6]: Hadley, D. (2019, October 01). "The 13 Forms of Insect Antennae". ThoughtCo. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065&lt;br&gt;
[7]: Loudon, C. (2009). "Chapter 6 - Antennae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123741448000060&lt;br&gt;
[8]: "Ocelli - Entomologists' glossary". Amateur Entomologists' Society. Accessed on 2023, October 23. https://www.amentsoc.org/insects/glossary/terms/ocelli/&lt;br&gt;
[9]: Cotinis. (2007). "ocellus, ocelli, (anocellate)". Bugguide. Accessed on 2023, October 23. https://bugguide.net/node/view/111296</text>
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An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.
[[File:Insect Collage.png|thumb|right|Insects from different orders. Clockwise: ''[[Pachypodistes angulata]]''([[Lepidoptera]]), ''[[Helophilus pendulus]]''([[Diptera]]), ''[[Orectognathus szentivanyi]]''([[Hymenoptera]]), ''[[Allacta sp.]]''([[Blattodea]])]]
= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[1]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[2].

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[3] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[4] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.[5]

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[6] &lt;br&gt;
Antennae have a variable number of segments and facilitate chemoreception(perception of chemical stimuli) and mechanoreception(perception of touch and motion)[7].

== Eye ==
===== Compound eye =====
Insects' compound eyes have a variable number of ommatidia — between few and thousands — that perceive light with a cornea, lens, eight photoreceptor cells, and some accessory structures[2]. The photoreceptors, oriented to receive light from different directions depending on the curvature of the eye and the ommatidia arrangement, form a "neural picture" based on the light they receive[2]. There are multiple variants of ommatidia, including, but not limited to: apposition, with optically isolated ommatidia; superposition, where the ommatidia are not optically isolated; and neural superposition, where the ommatidia are  optically isolated but due to neuronal arrangement produce partially summated pixels[2].

===== Ocelli =====
Ocelli are known also as simple eyes due to the fact that they comprise only a single lens and several sensory cells[8]. Rather than forming images, they are used to detect movement[8]. Three are found on the tops of most holometabolous insects' heads, and usually are arranged in a triangular pattern[9]. Larval forms of holometabolous insects genenally have stemmata on the sides of the head[9]. Stemmata, which resemble ommatidia, perceive movement, direction, and distance, and are replaced during metamorphosis by compound eyes[10]. Most [[Lepidoptera]] lack ocelli and are therefore anocellate[9].

= Sources =
[1]: Winterton, S. (2009, November 30). "Scales and Setae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780123741448002381&lt;br&gt;
[2]: Weckstrom, M. (2014, June 24). "Function of compound eye". Scholarpedia. Accessed on 2023, October 21. http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye&lt;br&gt;
[3]: "Definition".(n.d.). University of Florida. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[4]: "Types of legs". (2011, November 17). Indian Council of Agricultural Research. Accessed on 2023, October 21. http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[5]: Ramdya, P. (2017, February 17). "Climbing favours the tripod gate over alternative faster insect gaits". Nature Communications. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14494&lt;br&gt;
[6]: Hadley, D. (2019, October 01). "The 13 Forms of Insect Antennae". ThoughtCo. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065&lt;br&gt;
[7]: Loudon, C. (2009). "Chapter 6 - Antennae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123741448000060&lt;br&gt;
[8]: "Ocelli - Entomologists' glossary". Amateur Entomologists' Society. Accessed on 2023, October 23. https://www.amentsoc.org/insects/glossary/terms/ocelli/&lt;br&gt;
[9]: Cotinis. (2007). "ocellus, ocelli, (anocellate)". Bugguide. Accessed on 2023, October 23. https://bugguide.net/node/view/111296&lt;br&gt;
[10]: Beutel, R.G. et al. (2014) in Insect Morphology and Phylogeny. De Gruyter, p. 81. Accessed on 2023, October 24.</text>
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An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.
[[File:Insect Collage.png|thumb|right|Insects from different orders. Clockwise: ''[[Pachypodistes angulata]]''([[Lepidoptera]]), ''[[Helophilus pendulus]]''([[Diptera]]), ''[[Orectognathus szentivanyi]]''([[Hymenoptera]]), ''[[Allacta sp.]]''([[Blattodea]])]]
= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[1]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[2].

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[3] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[4] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.[5]

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[6] &lt;br&gt;
Antennae have a variable number of segments and facilitate chemoreception(perception of chemical stimuli) and mechanoreception(perception of touch and motion)[7].

== Eye ==
===== Compound eye =====
Insects' compound eyes have a variable number of ommatidia — between few and thousands — that perceive light with a cornea, lens, eight photoreceptor cells, and some accessory structures[2]. The photoreceptors, oriented to receive light from different directions depending on the curvature of the eye and the ommatidia arrangement, form a "neural picture" based on the light they receive[2]. There are multiple variants of ommatidia, including, but not limited to: apposition, with optically isolated ommatidia; superposition, where the ommatidia are not optically isolated; and neural superposition, where the ommatidia are  optically isolated but due to neuronal arrangement produce partially summated pixels[2].

===== Ocelli =====
Ocelli are known also as simple eyes due to the fact that they comprise only a single lens and several sensory cells[8]. Rather than forming images, they are used to detect movement[8]. Three are found on the tops of most holometabolous insects' heads, and usually are arranged in a triangular pattern[9]. Larval forms of holometabolous insects genenally have stemmata on the sides of the head[9]. Stemmata, which resemble ommatidia, perceive movement, direction, and distance, and are replaced during metamorphosis by compound eyes[10]. Most [[Lepidoptera]] lack ocelli and are therefore anocellate[9].

= Sources =
[1]: Winterton, S. (2009, November 30). "Scales and Setae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780123741448002381&lt;br&gt;
[2]: Weckstrom, M. (2014, June 24). "Function of compound eye". Scholarpedia. Accessed on 2023, October 21. http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye&lt;br&gt;
[3]: "Definition".(n.d.). University of Florida. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[4]: "Types of legs". (2011, November 17). Indian Council of Agricultural Research. Accessed on 2023, October 21. http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[5]: Ramdya, P. (2017, February 17). "Climbing favours the tripod gate over alternative faster insect gaits". Nature Communications. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14494&lt;br&gt;
[6]: Hadley, D. (2019, October 01). "The 13 Forms of Insect Antennae". ThoughtCo. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065&lt;br&gt;
[7]: Loudon, C. (2009). "Chapter 6 - Antennae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123741448000060&lt;br&gt;
[8]: "Ocelli - Entomologists' glossary". Amateur Entomologists' Society. Accessed on 2023, October 23. https://www.amentsoc.org/insects/glossary/terms/ocelli/&lt;br&gt;
[9]: Cotinis. (2007). "ocellus, ocelli, (anocellate)". Bugguide. Accessed on 2023, October 23. https://bugguide.net/node/view/111296&lt;br&gt;
[10]: Beutel, R.G. et al. (2014) in ''Insect Morphology and Phylogeny''. De Gruyter, p. 81. Accessed on 2023, October 24.</text>
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An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.
[[File:Insect Collage.png|thumb|right|Insects from different orders. Clockwise: ''[[Pachypodistes angulata]]''([[Lepidoptera]]), ''[[Helophilus pendulus]]''([[Diptera]]), ''[[Orectognathus szentivanyi]]''([[Hymenoptera]]), ''[[Allacta sp.]]''([[Blattodea]])]]
= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[1]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[2].

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[3] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[4] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.[5]

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[6] &lt;br&gt;
Antennae have a variable number of segments and facilitate chemoreception(perception of chemical stimuli) and mechanoreception(perception of touch and motion)[7].

== Eye ==
===== Compound eye =====
Insects' compound eyes have a variable number of ommatidia — between few and thousands — that perceive light with a cornea, lens, eight photoreceptor cells, and some accessory structures[2]. The photoreceptors, oriented to receive light from different directions depending on the curvature of the eye and the ommatidia arrangement, form a "neural picture" based on the light they receive[2]. There are multiple variants of ommatidia, including, but not limited to: apposition, with optically isolated ommatidia; superposition, where the ommatidia are not optically isolated; and neural superposition, where the ommatidia are  optically isolated but due to neuronal arrangement produce partially summated pixels[2].

===== Ocelli =====
Ocelli are known also as simple eyes due to the fact that they comprise only a single lens and several sensory cells[8]. Rather than forming images, they are used to detect movement[8]. Three are found on the tops of most holometabolous insects' heads, and usually are arranged in a triangular pattern[9]. Larval forms of holometabolous insects generally have stemmata on the sides of the head[9]. Stemmata, which resemble ommatidia, perceive movement, direction, and distance, and are replaced during metamorphosis by compound eyes[10]. Most [[Lepidoptera]] lack ocelli and are therefore anocellate[9].

===== Metamorphosis =====
Insects may be classified as either hemimetabolous or holometabolous. Hemimetabolous insects have three life stages — egg, nymph, and adult — while holometabolous insects have four — egg, larva, pupa, and adult.

= Evolution =
= Sources =
[1]: Winterton, S. (2009, November 30). "Scales and Setae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780123741448002381&lt;br&gt;
[2]: Weckstrom, M. (2014, June 24). "Function of compound eye". Scholarpedia. Accessed on 2023, October 21. http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye&lt;br&gt;
[3]: "Definition".(n.d.). University of Florida. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[4]: "Types of legs". (2011, November 17). Indian Council of Agricultural Research. Accessed on 2023, October 21. http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[5]: Ramdya, P. (2017, February 17). "Climbing favours the tripod gate over alternative faster insect gaits". Nature Communications. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14494&lt;br&gt;
[6]: Hadley, D. (2019, October 01). "The 13 Forms of Insect Antennae". ThoughtCo. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065&lt;br&gt;
[7]: Loudon, C. (2009). "Chapter 6 - Antennae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123741448000060&lt;br&gt;
[8]: "Ocelli - Entomologists' glossary". Amateur Entomologists' Society. Accessed on 2023, October 23. https://www.amentsoc.org/insects/glossary/terms/ocelli/&lt;br&gt;
[9]: Cotinis. (2007). "ocellus, ocelli, (anocellate)". Bugguide. Accessed on 2023, October 23. https://bugguide.net/node/view/111296&lt;br&gt;
[10]: Beutel, R.G. et al. (2014) in ''Insect Morphology and Phylogeny''. De Gruyter, p. 81. Accessed on 2023, October 24.</text>
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An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.
[[File:Insect Collage.png|thumb|right|Insects from different orders. Clockwise: ''[[Pachypodistes angulata]]''([[Lepidoptera]]), ''[[Helophilus pendulus]]''([[Diptera]]), ''[[Orectognathus szentivanyi]]''([[Hymenoptera]]), ''[[Allacta sp.]]''([[Blattodea]])]]
= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[1]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[2].

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[3] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[4] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.[5]

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[6] &lt;br&gt;
Antennae have a variable number of segments and facilitate chemoreception(perception of chemical stimuli) and mechanoreception(perception of touch and motion)[7].

== Eye ==
===== Compound eye =====
Insects' compound eyes have a variable number of ommatidia — between few and thousands — that perceive light with a cornea, lens, eight photoreceptor cells, and some accessory structures[2]. The photoreceptors, oriented to receive light from different directions depending on the curvature of the eye and the ommatidia arrangement, form a "neural picture" based on the light they receive[2]. There are multiple variants of ommatidia, including, but not limited to: apposition, with optically isolated ommatidia; superposition, where the ommatidia are not optically isolated; and neural superposition, where the ommatidia are  optically isolated but due to neuronal arrangement produce partially summated pixels[2].

===== Ocelli =====
Ocelli are known also as simple eyes due to the fact that they comprise only a single lens and several sensory cells[8]. Rather than forming images, they are used to detect movement[8]. Three are found on the tops of most holometabolous insects' heads, and usually are arranged in a triangular pattern[9]. Larval forms of holometabolous insects generally have stemmata on the sides of the head[9]. Stemmata, which resemble ommatidia, perceive movement, direction, and distance, and are replaced during metamorphosis by compound eyes[10]. Most [[Lepidoptera]] lack ocelli and are therefore anocellate[9].

== Metamorphosis ==
Insects may be classified as either hemimetabolous or holometabolous. Hemimetabolous insects have three life stages — egg, nymph, and adult — while holometabolous insects have four — egg, larva, pupa, and adult.

= Evolution =
= Sources =
[1]: Winterton, S. (2009, November 30). "Scales and Setae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780123741448002381&lt;br&gt;
[2]: Weckstrom, M. (2014, June 24). "Function of compound eye". Scholarpedia. Accessed on 2023, October 21. http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye&lt;br&gt;
[3]: "Definition".(n.d.). University of Florida. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[4]: "Types of legs". (2011, November 17). Indian Council of Agricultural Research. Accessed on 2023, October 21. http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[5]: Ramdya, P. (2017, February 17). "Climbing favours the tripod gate over alternative faster insect gaits". Nature Communications. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14494&lt;br&gt;
[6]: Hadley, D. (2019, October 01). "The 13 Forms of Insect Antennae". ThoughtCo. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065&lt;br&gt;
[7]: Loudon, C. (2009). "Chapter 6 - Antennae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123741448000060&lt;br&gt;
[8]: "Ocelli - Entomologists' glossary". Amateur Entomologists' Society. Accessed on 2023, October 23. https://www.amentsoc.org/insects/glossary/terms/ocelli/&lt;br&gt;
[9]: Cotinis. (2007). "ocellus, ocelli, (anocellate)". Bugguide. Accessed on 2023, October 23. https://bugguide.net/node/view/111296&lt;br&gt;
[10]: Beutel, R.G. et al. (2014) in ''Insect Morphology and Phylogeny''. De Gruyter, p. 81. Accessed on 2023, October 24.</text>
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An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.
[[File:Insect Collage.png|thumb|right|Insects from different orders. Clockwise: ''[[Pachypodistes angulata]]''([[Lepidoptera]]), ''[[Helophilus pendulus]]''([[Diptera]]), ''[[Orectognathus szentivanyi]]''([[Hymenoptera]]), ''[[Allacta sp.]]''([[Blattodea]])]]
= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[1]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[2].

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[3] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[4] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.[5]

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[6] &lt;br&gt;
Antennae have a variable number of segments and facilitate chemoreception(perception of chemical stimuli) and mechanoreception(perception of touch and motion)[7].

== Eye ==
===== Compound eye =====
Insects' compound eyes have a variable number of ommatidia — between few and thousands — that perceive light with a cornea, lens, eight photoreceptor cells, and some accessory structures[2]. The photoreceptors, oriented to receive light from different directions depending on the curvature of the eye and the ommatidia arrangement, form a "neural picture" based on the light they receive[2]. There are multiple variants of ommatidia, including, but not limited to: apposition, with optically isolated ommatidia; superposition, where the ommatidia are not optically isolated; and neural superposition, where the ommatidia are  optically isolated but due to neuronal arrangement produce partially summated pixels[2].

===== Ocelli =====
Ocelli are known also as simple eyes due to the fact that they comprise only a single lens and several sensory cells[8]. Rather than forming images, they are used to detect movement[8]. Three are found on the tops of most holometabolous insects' heads, and usually are arranged in a triangular pattern[9]. Larval forms of holometabolous insects generally have stemmata on the sides of the head[9]. Stemmata, which resemble ommatidia, perceive movement, direction, and distance, and are replaced during metamorphosis by compound eyes[10]. Most [[Lepidoptera]] lack ocelli and are therefore anocellate[9].

== Mouthparts ==
Mouthparts, while differing from order to order due to the fact that the orders' differing diets necessitate different mouthparts, have all evolved from the same basic plan — a labrum("upper lip" with an epipharynx), a tongue-like hypopharynx, mandibles(jaws), maxillae, and a labium("lower lip")[11].

= Evolution =
= Sources =
[1]: Winterton, S. (2009, November 30). "Scales and Setae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780123741448002381&lt;br&gt;
[2]: Weckstrom, M. (2014, June 24). "Function of compound eye". Scholarpedia. Accessed on 2023, October 21. http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye&lt;br&gt;
[3]: "Definition".(n.d.). University of Florida. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[4]: "Types of legs". (2011, November 17). Indian Council of Agricultural Research. Accessed on 2023, October 21. http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[5]: Ramdya, P. (2017, February 17). "Climbing favours the tripod gate over alternative faster insect gaits". Nature Communications. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14494&lt;br&gt;
[6]: Hadley, D. (2019, October 01). "The 13 Forms of Insect Antennae". ThoughtCo. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065&lt;br&gt;
[7]: Loudon, C. (2009). "Chapter 6 - Antennae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123741448000060&lt;br&gt;
[8]: "Ocelli - Entomologists' glossary". Amateur Entomologists' Society. Accessed on 2023, October 23. https://www.amentsoc.org/insects/glossary/terms/ocelli/&lt;br&gt;
[9]: Cotinis. (2007). "ocellus, ocelli, (anocellate)". Bugguide. Accessed on 2023, October 23. https://bugguide.net/node/view/111296&lt;br&gt;
[10]: Beutel, R.G. et al. (2014) in ''Insect Morphology and Phylogeny''. De Gruyter, p. 81. Accessed on 2023, October 24.</text>
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An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.
[[File:Insect Collage.png|thumb|right|Insects from different orders. Clockwise: ''[[Pachypodistes angulata]]''([[Lepidoptera]]), ''[[Helophilus pendulus]]''([[Diptera]]), ''[[Orectognathus szentivanyi]]''([[Hymenoptera]]), ''[[Allacta sp.]]''([[Blattodea]])]]
= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[1]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[2].

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[3] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[4] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.[5]

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[6] &lt;br&gt;
Antennae have a variable number of segments and facilitate chemoreception(perception of chemical stimuli) and mechanoreception(perception of touch and motion)[7].

== Eye ==
===== Compound eye =====
Insects' compound eyes have a variable number of ommatidia — between few and thousands — that perceive light with a cornea, lens, eight photoreceptor cells, and some accessory structures[2]. The photoreceptors, oriented to receive light from different directions depending on the curvature of the eye and the ommatidia arrangement, form a "neural picture" based on the light they receive[2]. There are multiple variants of ommatidia, including, but not limited to: apposition, with optically isolated ommatidia; superposition, where the ommatidia are not optically isolated; and neural superposition, where the ommatidia are  optically isolated but due to neuronal arrangement produce partially summated pixels[2].

===== Ocelli =====
Ocelli are known also as simple eyes due to the fact that they comprise only a single lens and several sensory cells[8]. Rather than forming images, they are used to detect movement[8]. Three are found on the tops of most holometabolous insects' heads, and usually are arranged in a triangular pattern[9]. Larval forms of holometabolous insects generally have stemmata on the sides of the head[9]. Stemmata, which resemble ommatidia, perceive movement, direction, and distance, and are replaced during metamorphosis by compound eyes[10]. Most [[Lepidoptera]] lack ocelli and are therefore anocellate[9].

== Mouthparts ==
Mouthparts, while differing from order to order due to the fact that the orders' differing diets necessitate different mouthparts, all have the same basic components — a labrum("upper lip" with an epipharynx), a tongue-like hypopharynx, mandibles(jaws), maxillae, and a labium("lower lip")[11].

= Evolution =
= Sources =
[1]: Winterton, S. (2009, November 30). "Scales and Setae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780123741448002381&lt;br&gt;
[2]: Weckstrom, M. (2014, June 24). "Function of compound eye". Scholarpedia. Accessed on 2023, October 21. http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye&lt;br&gt;
[3]: "Definition".(n.d.). University of Florida. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[4]: "Types of legs". (2011, November 17). Indian Council of Agricultural Research. Accessed on 2023, October 21. http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[5]: Ramdya, P. (2017, February 17). "Climbing favours the tripod gate over alternative faster insect gaits". Nature Communications. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14494&lt;br&gt;
[6]: Hadley, D. (2019, October 01). "The 13 Forms of Insect Antennae". ThoughtCo. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065&lt;br&gt;
[7]: Loudon, C. (2009). "Chapter 6 - Antennae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123741448000060&lt;br&gt;
[8]: "Ocelli - Entomologists' glossary". Amateur Entomologists' Society. Accessed on 2023, October 23. https://www.amentsoc.org/insects/glossary/terms/ocelli/&lt;br&gt;
[9]: Cotinis. (2007). "ocellus, ocelli, (anocellate)". Bugguide. Accessed on 2023, October 23. https://bugguide.net/node/view/111296&lt;br&gt;
[10]: Beutel, R.G. et al. (2014) in ''Insect Morphology and Phylogeny''. De Gruyter, p. 81. Accessed on 2023, October 24.</text>
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An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.
[[File:Insect Collage.png|thumb|right|Insects from different orders. Clockwise: ''[[Pachypodistes angulata]]''([[Lepidoptera]]), ''[[Helophilus pendulus]]''([[Diptera]]), ''[[Orectognathus szentivanyi]]''([[Hymenoptera]]), ''[[Allacta sp.]]''([[Blattodea]])]]
= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[1]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[2].

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[3] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[4] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.[5]

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[6] &lt;br&gt;
Antennae have a variable number of segments and facilitate chemoreception(perception of chemical stimuli) and mechanoreception(perception of touch and motion)[7].

== Eye ==
===== Compound eye =====
Insects' compound eyes have a variable number of ommatidia — between few and thousands — that perceive light with a cornea, lens, eight photoreceptor cells, and some accessory structures[2]. The photoreceptors, oriented to receive light from different directions depending on the curvature of the eye and the ommatidia arrangement, form a "neural picture" based on the light they receive[2]. There are multiple variants of ommatidia, including, but not limited to: apposition, with optically isolated ommatidia; superposition, where the ommatidia are not optically isolated; and neural superposition, where the ommatidia are  optically isolated but due to neuronal arrangement produce partially summated pixels[2].

===== Ocelli =====
Ocelli are known also as simple eyes due to the fact that they comprise only a single lens and several sensory cells[8]. Rather than forming images, they are used to detect movement[8]. Three are found on the tops of most holometabolous insects' heads, and usually are arranged in a triangular pattern[9]. Larval forms of holometabolous insects generally have stemmata on the sides of the head[9]. Stemmata, which resemble ommatidia, perceive movement, direction, and distance, and are replaced during metamorphosis by compound eyes[10]. Most [[Lepidoptera]] lack ocelli and are therefore anocellate[9].

== Mouthparts ==
Mouthparts, while differing from order to order due to the fact that the orders' differing diets necessitate different mouthparts, all have the same basic components — a labrum("upper lip" with an epipharynx), a tongue-like hypopharynx, mandibles(jaws), maxillae, and a labium("lower lip")[11].

= Evolution =
= Sources =
[1]: Winterton, S. (2009, November 30). "Scales and Setae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780123741448002381&lt;br&gt;
[2]: Weckstrom, M. (2014, June 24). "Function of compound eye". Scholarpedia. Accessed on 2023, October 21. http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye&lt;br&gt;
[3]: "Definition".(n.d.). University of Florida. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[4]: "Types of legs". (2011, November 17). Indian Council of Agricultural Research. Accessed on 2023, October 21. http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[5]: Ramdya, P. (2017, February 17). "Climbing favours the tripod gate over alternative faster insect gaits". Nature Communications. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14494&lt;br&gt;
[6]: Hadley, D. (2019, October 01). "The 13 Forms of Insect Antennae". ThoughtCo. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065&lt;br&gt;
[7]: Loudon, C. (2009). "Chapter 6 - Antennae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123741448000060&lt;br&gt;
[8]: "Ocelli - Entomologists' glossary". Amateur Entomologists' Society. Accessed on 2023, October 23. https://www.amentsoc.org/insects/glossary/terms/ocelli/&lt;br&gt;
[9]: Cotinis. (2007). "ocellus, ocelli, (anocellate)". Bugguide. Accessed on 2023, October 23. https://bugguide.net/node/view/111296&lt;br&gt;
[10]: Beutel, R.G. et al. (2014) in ''Insect Morphology and Phylogeny''. De Gruyter, p. 81. Accessed on 2023, October 24.&lt;br&gt;
[11]: Beutel, R.G. et al. (2014) in ''Insect Morphology and Phylogeny''. De Gruyter, p. 31. Accessed on 2023, October 24.</text>
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An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.
[[File:Insect Collage.png|thumb|right|Insects from different orders. Clockwise: ''[[Pachypodistes angulata]]''([[Lepidoptera]]), ''[[Helophilus pendulus]]''([[Diptera]]), ''[[Orectognathus szentivanyi]]''([[Hymenoptera]]), ''[[Allacta sp.]]''([[Blattodea]])]]
= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[1]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[2].

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[3] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[4] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.[5]

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[6] &lt;br&gt;
Antennae have a variable number of segments and facilitate chemoreception(perception of chemical stimuli) and mechanoreception(perception of touch and motion)[7].

== Eye ==
===== Compound eye =====
Insects' compound eyes have a variable number of ommatidia — between few and thousands — that perceive light with a cornea, lens, eight photoreceptor cells, and some accessory structures[2]. The photoreceptors, oriented to receive light from different directions depending on the curvature of the eye and the ommatidia arrangement, form a "neural picture" based on the light they receive[2]. There are multiple variants of ommatidia, including, but not limited to: apposition, with optically isolated ommatidia; superposition, where the ommatidia are not optically isolated; and neural superposition, where the ommatidia are  optically isolated but due to neuronal arrangement produce partially summated pixels[2].

===== Ocelli =====
Ocelli are known also as simple eyes due to the fact that they comprise only a single lens and several sensory cells[8]. Rather than forming images, they are used to detect movement[8]. Three are found on the tops of most holometabolous insects' heads, and usually are arranged in a triangular pattern[9]. Larval forms of holometabolous insects generally have stemmata on the sides of the head[9]. Stemmata, which resemble ommatidia, perceive movement, direction, and distance, and are replaced during metamorphosis by compound eyes[10]. Most [[Lepidoptera]] lack ocelli and are therefore anocellate[9].

== Mouthparts ==
Mouthparts, while differing from order to order due to the fact that the orders' differing diets necessitate different mouthparts, all have the same basic components — a labrum("upper lip" with an epipharynx), a tongue-like hypopharynx, mandibles(jaws), maxillae, and a labium("lower lip")[11]. The mouthparts comprise appendages from all head segments except for the second[11].

= Evolution =
= Sources =
[1]: Winterton, S. (2009, November 30). "Scales and Setae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780123741448002381&lt;br&gt;
[2]: Weckstrom, M. (2014, June 24). "Function of compound eye". Scholarpedia. Accessed on 2023, October 21. http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye&lt;br&gt;
[3]: "Definition".(n.d.). University of Florida. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[4]: "Types of legs". (2011, November 17). Indian Council of Agricultural Research. Accessed on 2023, October 21. http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[5]: Ramdya, P. (2017, February 17). "Climbing favours the tripod gate over alternative faster insect gaits". Nature Communications. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14494&lt;br&gt;
[6]: Hadley, D. (2019, October 01). "The 13 Forms of Insect Antennae". ThoughtCo. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065&lt;br&gt;
[7]: Loudon, C. (2009). "Chapter 6 - Antennae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123741448000060&lt;br&gt;
[8]: "Ocelli - Entomologists' glossary". Amateur Entomologists' Society. Accessed on 2023, October 23. https://www.amentsoc.org/insects/glossary/terms/ocelli/&lt;br&gt;
[9]: Cotinis. (2007). "ocellus, ocelli, (anocellate)". Bugguide. Accessed on 2023, October 23. https://bugguide.net/node/view/111296&lt;br&gt;
[10]: Beutel, R.G. et al. (2014) in ''Insect Morphology and Phylogeny''. De Gruyter, p. 81. Accessed on 2023, October 24.&lt;br&gt;
[11]: Beutel, R.G. et al. (2014) in ''Insect Morphology and Phylogeny''. De Gruyter, p. 31. Accessed on 2023, October 24.</text>
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An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.
[[File:Insect Collage.png|thumb|right|Insects from different orders. Clockwise: ''[[Pachypodistes angulata]]''([[Lepidoptera]]), ''[[Helophilus pendulus]]''([[Diptera]]), ''[[Orectognathus szentivanyi]]''([[Hymenoptera]]), ''[[Allacta sp.]]''([[Blattodea]])]]
= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[1]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[2].

== Head ==

== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[3] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[4] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.[5]

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[6] &lt;br&gt;
Antennae have a variable number of segments and facilitate chemoreception(perception of chemical stimuli) and mechanoreception(perception of touch and motion)[7].

== Eye ==
===== Compound eye =====
Insects' compound eyes have a variable number of ommatidia — between few and thousands — that perceive light with a cornea, lens, eight photoreceptor cells, and some accessory structures[2]. The photoreceptors, oriented to receive light from different directions depending on the curvature of the eye and the ommatidia arrangement, form a "neural picture" based on the light they receive[2]. There are multiple variants of ommatidia, including, but not limited to: apposition, with optically isolated ommatidia; superposition, where the ommatidia are not optically isolated; and neural superposition, where the ommatidia are  optically isolated but due to neuronal arrangement produce partially summated pixels[2].

===== Ocelli =====
Ocelli are known also as simple eyes due to the fact that they comprise only a single lens and several sensory cells[8]. Rather than forming images, they are used to detect movement[8]. Three are found on the tops of most holometabolous insects' heads, and usually are arranged in a triangular pattern[9]. Larval forms of holometabolous insects generally have stemmata on the sides of the head[9]. Stemmata, which resemble ommatidia, perceive movement, direction, and distance, and are replaced during metamorphosis by compound eyes[10]. Most [[Lepidoptera]] lack ocelli and are therefore anocellate[9].

== Mouthparts ==
Mouthparts, while differing from order to order due to the fact that the orders' differing diets necessitate different mouthparts, all have the same basic components — a labrum("upper lip" with an epipharynx), a tongue-like hypopharynx, mandibles(jaws), maxillae, and a labium("lower lip")[11]. The mouthparts comprise appendages from all head segments except for the second[11].

= Evolution =
= Sources =
[1]: Winterton, S. (2009, November 30). "Scales and Setae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780123741448002381&lt;br&gt;
[2]: Weckstrom, M. (2014, June 24). "Function of compound eye". Scholarpedia. Accessed on 2023, October 21. http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye&lt;br&gt;
[3]: "Definition".(n.d.). University of Florida. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[4]: "Types of legs". (2011, November 17). Indian Council of Agricultural Research. Accessed on 2023, October 21. http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[5]: Ramdya, P. (2017, February 17). "Climbing favours the tripod gate over alternative faster insect gaits". Nature Communications. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14494&lt;br&gt;
[6]: Hadley, D. (2019, October 01). "The 13 Forms of Insect Antennae". ThoughtCo. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065&lt;br&gt;
[7]: Loudon, C. (2009). "Chapter 6 - Antennae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123741448000060&lt;br&gt;
[8]: "Ocelli - Entomologists' glossary". Amateur Entomologists' Society. Accessed on 2023, October 23. https://www.amentsoc.org/insects/glossary/terms/ocelli/&lt;br&gt;
[9]: Cotinis. (2007). "ocellus, ocelli, (anocellate)". Bugguide. Accessed on 2023, October 23. https://bugguide.net/node/view/111296&lt;br&gt;
[10]: Beutel, R.G. et al. (2014) in ''Insect Morphology and Phylogeny''. De Gruyter, p. 81. Accessed on 2023, October 24.&lt;br&gt;
[11]: Beutel, R.G. et al. (2014) in ''Insect Morphology and Phylogeny''. De Gruyter, p. 31. Accessed on 2023, October 24.</text>
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An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.
[[File:Insect Collage.png|thumb|right|Insects from different orders. Clockwise: ''[[Pachypodistes angulata]]''([[Lepidoptera]]), ''[[Helophilus pendulus]]''([[Diptera]]), ''[[Orectognathus szentivanyi]]''([[Hymenoptera]]), ''[[Allacta sp.]]''([[Blattodea]])]]
= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[1]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[2].

== Head ==
== Body segments ==
== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[3] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[4] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.[5]

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[6] &lt;br&gt;
Antennae have a variable number of segments and facilitate chemoreception(perception of chemical stimuli) and mechanoreception(perception of touch and motion)[7].

== Eye ==
===== Compound eye =====
Insects' compound eyes have a variable number of ommatidia — between few and thousands — that perceive light with a cornea, lens, eight photoreceptor cells, and some accessory structures[2]. The photoreceptors, oriented to receive light from different directions depending on the curvature of the eye and the ommatidia arrangement, form a "neural picture" based on the light they receive[2]. There are multiple variants of ommatidia, including, but not limited to: apposition, with optically isolated ommatidia; superposition, where the ommatidia are not optically isolated; and neural superposition, where the ommatidia are  optically isolated but due to neuronal arrangement produce partially summated pixels[2].

===== Ocelli =====
Ocelli are known also as simple eyes due to the fact that they comprise only a single lens and several sensory cells[8]. Rather than forming images, they are used to detect movement[8]. Three are found on the tops of most holometabolous insects' heads, and usually are arranged in a triangular pattern[9]. Larval forms of holometabolous insects generally have stemmata on the sides of the head[9]. Stemmata, which resemble ommatidia, perceive movement, direction, and distance, and are replaced during metamorphosis by compound eyes[10]. Most [[Lepidoptera]] lack ocelli and are therefore anocellate[9].

== Mouthparts ==
Mouthparts, while differing from order to order due to the fact that the orders' differing diets necessitate different mouthparts, all have the same basic components — a labrum("upper lip" with an epipharynx), a tongue-like hypopharynx, mandibles(jaws), maxillae, and a labium("lower lip")[11]. The mouthparts comprise appendages from all head segments except for the second[11].

= Evolution =
= Sources =
[1]: Winterton, S. (2009, November 30). "Scales and Setae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780123741448002381&lt;br&gt;
[2]: Weckstrom, M. (2014, June 24). "Function of compound eye". Scholarpedia. Accessed on 2023, October 21. http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye&lt;br&gt;
[3]: "Definition".(n.d.). University of Florida. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[4]: "Types of legs". (2011, November 17). Indian Council of Agricultural Research. Accessed on 2023, October 21. http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[5]: Ramdya, P. (2017, February 17). "Climbing favours the tripod gate over alternative faster insect gaits". Nature Communications. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14494&lt;br&gt;
[6]: Hadley, D. (2019, October 01). "The 13 Forms of Insect Antennae". ThoughtCo. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065&lt;br&gt;
[7]: Loudon, C. (2009). "Chapter 6 - Antennae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123741448000060&lt;br&gt;
[8]: "Ocelli - Entomologists' glossary". Amateur Entomologists' Society. Accessed on 2023, October 23. https://www.amentsoc.org/insects/glossary/terms/ocelli/&lt;br&gt;
[9]: Cotinis. (2007). "ocellus, ocelli, (anocellate)". Bugguide. Accessed on 2023, October 23. https://bugguide.net/node/view/111296&lt;br&gt;
[10]: Beutel, R.G. et al. (2014) in ''Insect Morphology and Phylogeny''. De Gruyter, p. 81. Accessed on 2023, October 24.&lt;br&gt;
[11]: Beutel, R.G. et al. (2014) in ''Insect Morphology and Phylogeny''. De Gruyter, p. 31. Accessed on 2023, October 24.</text>
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An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.
[[File:Insect Collage.png|thumb|right|Insects from different orders. Clockwise: ''[[Pachypodistes angulata]]''([[Lepidoptera]]), ''[[Helophilus pendulus]]''([[Diptera]]), ''[[Orectognathus szentivanyi]]''([[Hymenoptera]]), ''[[Allacta sp.]]''([[Blattodea]])]]
= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[1]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[2].

== Head ==
The head, a tagma(morphologically distinct region), is equipped with compound eyes, antennae, mouthparts, a complex muscle apparatus, central elements of the nervous system, the cibarium, the salivarium, and neurohaemal organs.[12] The head regions of most hexapods can be distinguished via "sutures"[12], divided into two main categories: molting lines(frontal and coronal sutures) and internal strengthening ridges(clypeofrontal).[12]

== Body segments ==
== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[3] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[4] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.[5]

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[6] &lt;br&gt;
Antennae have a variable number of segments and facilitate chemoreception(perception of chemical stimuli) and mechanoreception(perception of touch and motion)[7].

== Eye ==
===== Compound eye =====
Insects' compound eyes have a variable number of ommatidia — between few and thousands — that perceive light with a cornea, lens, eight photoreceptor cells, and some accessory structures[2]. The photoreceptors, oriented to receive light from different directions depending on the curvature of the eye and the ommatidia arrangement, form a "neural picture" based on the light they receive[2]. There are multiple variants of ommatidia, including, but not limited to: apposition, with optically isolated ommatidia; superposition, where the ommatidia are not optically isolated; and neural superposition, where the ommatidia are  optically isolated but due to neuronal arrangement produce partially summated pixels[2].

===== Ocelli =====
Ocelli are known also as simple eyes due to the fact that they comprise only a single lens and several sensory cells[8]. Rather than forming images, they are used to detect movement[8]. Three are found on the tops of most holometabolous insects' heads, and usually are arranged in a triangular pattern[9]. Larval forms of holometabolous insects generally have stemmata on the sides of the head[9]. Stemmata, which resemble ommatidia, perceive movement, direction, and distance, and are replaced during metamorphosis by compound eyes[10]. Most [[Lepidoptera]] lack ocelli and are therefore anocellate[9].

== Mouthparts ==
Mouthparts, while differing from order to order due to the fact that the orders' differing diets necessitate different mouthparts, all have the same basic components — a labrum("upper lip" with an epipharynx), a tongue-like hypopharynx, mandibles(jaws), maxillae, and a labium("lower lip")[11]. The mouthparts comprise appendages from all head segments except for the second[11].

= Evolution =
= Sources =
[1]: Winterton, S. (2009, November 30). "Scales and Setae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780123741448002381&lt;br&gt;
[2]: Weckstrom, M. (2014, June 24). "Function of compound eye". Scholarpedia. Accessed on 2023, October 21. http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye&lt;br&gt;
[3]: "Definition".(n.d.). University of Florida. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[4]: "Types of legs". (2011, November 17). Indian Council of Agricultural Research. Accessed on 2023, October 21. http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[5]: Ramdya, P. (2017, February 17). "Climbing favours the tripod gate over alternative faster insect gaits". Nature Communications. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14494&lt;br&gt;
[6]: Hadley, D. (2019, October 01). "The 13 Forms of Insect Antennae". ThoughtCo. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065&lt;br&gt;
[7]: Loudon, C. (2009). "Chapter 6 - Antennae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123741448000060&lt;br&gt;
[8]: "Ocelli - Entomologists' glossary". Amateur Entomologists' Society. Accessed on 2023, October 23. https://www.amentsoc.org/insects/glossary/terms/ocelli/&lt;br&gt;
[9]: Cotinis. (2007). "ocellus, ocelli, (anocellate)". Bugguide. Accessed on 2023, October 23. https://bugguide.net/node/view/111296&lt;br&gt;
[10]: Beutel, R.G. et al. (2014) in ''Insect Morphology and Phylogeny''. De Gruyter, p. 81. Accessed on 2023, October 24.&lt;br&gt;
[11]: Beutel, R.G. et al. (2014) in ''Insect Morphology and Phylogeny''. De Gruyter, p. 31. Accessed on 2023, October 24.&lt;br&gt;
[12]: Beutel, R.G. et al. (2014) in ''Insect Morphology and Phylogeny''. De Gruyter, p. 12. Accessed on 2023, October 25.</text>
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An insect is a member of the arthropod class Insecta.
[[File:Insect Collage.png|thumb|right|Insects from different orders. Clockwise: ''[[Pachypodistes angulata]]''([[Lepidoptera]]), ''[[Helophilus pendulus]]''([[Diptera]]), ''[[Orectognathus szentivanyi]]''([[Hymenoptera]]), ''[[Allacta sp.]]''([[Blattodea]])]]
= Anatomy =
Insects universally have three pairs of legs, three body segments — a head, thorax, and abdomen, and a pair of antennae.  They have an exoskeleton — an external skeleton, made of chitin, that provides structural integrity and protection to their internal anatomy. Rather than hair or fur, insects have setae — hairlike structures, which are made of chitin similarly to the exoskeleton, adapted both to spread pheromones and to assist in mechanoreception(the ability to detect stimuli in its environment)[1]— on their exoskeletons and legs. Insects have two compound eyes — primary visual receptors with up to thousands of ommatidia — and a varying number of ocelli(simple eyes)[2].

== Head ==
The head, a tagma(morphologically distinct region), is equipped with compound eyes, antennae, mouthparts, a complex muscle apparatus, central elements of the nervous system, the cibarium, the salivarium, and neurohaemal organs.[12] The head regions of most hexapods can be distinguished due to being separated by "sutures"[12], structural modifications of the external cuticle: molting lines(frontal and coronal sutures) and internal strengthening ridges(clypeofrontal).[12]

== Body segments ==
== Legs ==

Insects' legs comprise(from closest to furthest from the body) a coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, and tarsus.[3] Insect legs have evolved to adapt to insects' variable behaviour; legs may be classified as fossorial(digging), saltatorial(jumping), cursorial(running), ambulatory(walking), raptorial(grasping or seizing), natatorial(swimming), pollen-carrying, antennae-cleaning, clinging, or climbing.[4] 

Insects generally utilise the tripod gate — in specific terms, insects maintain three points of contact when they walk — their hind- and fore- legs on one side, and their middle leg on the other side. To walk, they alternate this pattern; resultantly they walk with three legs on the ground at a given time.[5]

== Antennae ==

Antennae, which are extremely variable, may be classified as aristate(pouch-like with a lateral bristle), capitate(prominently clubbed), clavate(clubbed more gradually than capitate), filiform(threadlike), flabellate(fanlike), geniculate(bent sharply), lamellate(fanlike at the tip), monofiliform(resembling a string of beads), pectinate(comblike on both sides), plumose(feathery), serrate(notched on one side), setaceous(bristle-shaped), or stylate(hairlike but always extends from the end and never the side).[6] &lt;br&gt;
Antennae have a variable number of segments and facilitate chemoreception(perception of chemical stimuli) and mechanoreception(perception of touch and motion)[7].

== Eye ==
===== Compound eye =====
Insects' compound eyes have a variable number of ommatidia — between few and thousands — that perceive light with a cornea, lens, eight photoreceptor cells, and some accessory structures[2]. The photoreceptors, oriented to receive light from different directions depending on the curvature of the eye and the ommatidia arrangement, form a "neural picture" based on the light they receive[2]. There are multiple variants of ommatidia, including, but not limited to: apposition, with optically isolated ommatidia; superposition, where the ommatidia are not optically isolated; and neural superposition, where the ommatidia are  optically isolated but due to neuronal arrangement produce partially summated pixels[2].

===== Ocelli =====
Ocelli are known also as simple eyes due to the fact that they comprise only a single lens and several sensory cells[8]. Rather than forming images, they are used to detect movement[8]. Three are found on the tops of most holometabolous insects' heads, and usually are arranged in a triangular pattern[9]. Larval forms of holometabolous insects generally have stemmata on the sides of the head[9]. Stemmata, which resemble ommatidia, perceive movement, direction, and distance, and are replaced during metamorphosis by compound eyes[10]. Most [[Lepidoptera]] lack ocelli and are therefore anocellate[9].

== Mouthparts ==
Mouthparts, while differing from order to order due to the fact that the orders' differing diets necessitate different mouthparts, all have the same basic components — a labrum("upper lip" with an epipharynx), a tongue-like hypopharynx, mandibles(jaws), maxillae, and a labium("lower lip")[11]. The mouthparts comprise appendages from all head segments except for the second[11].

= Evolution =
= Sources =
[1]: Winterton, S. (2009, November 30). "Scales and Setae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780123741448002381&lt;br&gt;
[2]: Weckstrom, M. (2014, June 24). "Function of compound eye". Scholarpedia. Accessed on 2023, October 21. http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Function_of_compound_eye&lt;br&gt;
[3]: "Definition".(n.d.). University of Florida. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/molecrickets/mcri0045.htm&lt;br&gt;
[4]: "Types of legs". (2011, November 17). Indian Council of Agricultural Research. Accessed on 2023, October 21. http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=10779&lt;br&gt;
[5]: Ramdya, P. (2017, February 17). "Climbing favours the tripod gate over alternative faster insect gaits". Nature Communications. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14494&lt;br&gt;
[6]: Hadley, D. (2019, October 01). "The 13 Forms of Insect Antennae". ThoughtCo. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.thoughtco.com/insect-antennae-and-their-forms-1968065&lt;br&gt;
[7]: Loudon, C. (2009). "Chapter 6 - Antennae". ''Encyclopedia of Insects(Second Edition)''. Accessed on 2023, October 21. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123741448000060&lt;br&gt;
[8]: "Ocelli - Entomologists' glossary". Amateur Entomologists' Society. Accessed on 2023, October 23. https://www.amentsoc.org/insects/glossary/terms/ocelli/&lt;br&gt;
[9]: Cotinis. (2007). "ocellus, ocelli, (anocellate)". Bugguide. Accessed on 2023, October 23. https://bugguide.net/node/view/111296&lt;br&gt;
[10]: Beutel, R.G. et al. (2014) in ''Insect Morphology and Phylogeny''. De Gruyter, p. 81. Accessed on 2023, October 24.&lt;br&gt;
[11]: Beutel, R.G. et al. (2014) in ''Insect Morphology and Phylogeny''. De Gruyter, p. 31. Accessed on 2023, October 24.&lt;br&gt;
[12]: Beutel, R.G. et al. (2014) in ''Insect Morphology and Phylogeny''. De Gruyter, p. 12. Accessed on 2023, October 25.</text>
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  <title>Lepidoptera</title>
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    <text bytes="58" xml:space="preserve">Lepidoptera is the order comprising moths and butterflies.</text>
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